Ukukhethwa kwe-aluminium ne-aluminium alloy welding wire kusekelwe ikakhulukazi ohlotsheni lwensimbi eyisisekelo, futhi izidingo zokumelana nokuqhekeka okuhlangene, izakhiwo zemishini kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kucatshangelwa kabanzi.Ngezinye izikhathi lapho into ethile iba ukuphikisana okuyinhloko, ukukhethwa kocingo lwe-welding kufanele kugxile ekuxazululeni lokhu kuphikisana okuyinhloko, kucatshangelwa ezinye izidingo.
Ngokuvamile, izintambo zokushisela ezinamamaki afanayo noma afana nensimbi yomzali zisetshenziselwa ukushisela i-aluminium ne-aluminium alloys, ukuze kutholakale ukumelana nokugqwala okungcono;kodwa lapho ukushisela ama-alloys e-aluminium aphethwe ukushisa ngokuthambekela okuphezulu ekuqhekekeni okushisayo, ukukhethwa kwezintambo zokushisela ngokuyinhloko kusuka kusixazululo Ukuqala ngokumelana nokuqhekeka, ukubunjwa kocingo lwe-welding kuhluke kakhulu kusisekelo sensimbi.
Ukukhubazeka okuvamile (izinkinga zokushisela) kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela
1. Shiswa
imbangela:
a.Ukufakwa kokushisa okudlulele;
b.Ukucubungula okungalungile kwe-groove kanye nokuvunyelwa komhlangano ngokweqile kwama-weldments;
c.Ibanga phakathi kwamajoyinti e-solder likhulu kakhulu ngesikhathi sokushisela indawo, okuzodala inani elikhulu lokuguqulwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Yehlisa ngokufanelekile i-welding current kanye ne-arc voltage, futhi ukwandise isivinini sokushisela;
b.Usayizi omkhulu onqenqemeni oluncane unciphisa igebe lezimpande;
c.Nciphisa ngokufanelekile ukuhlukana kwamalunga e-solder ngesikhathi sokushisela.
2. Stomata
imbangela:
a.Kukhona amafutha, ukugqwala, ukungcola, ukungcola, njll kusisekelo sensimbi noma ucingo lokushisela;
b.Ukugeleza komoya endaweni yokushisela kukhulu, okungahambisani nokuvikelwa kwegesi;
c.I-arc ye-welding yinde kakhulu, enciphisa umphumela wokuvikelwa kwegesi;
d.Ibanga phakathi kwe-nozzle kanye ne-workpiece likhulu kakhulu, futhi umphumela wokuvikela igesi uyancipha;
e.Ukukhetha okungalungile kwemingcele ye-welding;
f.Izimbobo zomoya zikhiqizwa endaweni lapho i-arc iphindaphindiwe khona;
g.Ukuhlanzeka kwegesi yokuvikela kuphansi, futhi umphumela wokuvikela igesi umpofu;
h.Umswakama womoya we-ambient uphezulu.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Hlanza ngokucophelela uwoyela, ukungcola, ukugqwala, isikali nefilimu ye-oxide phezu kocingo lokushisela nokushisela ngaphambi kokushisela, futhi usebenzise ucingo lokushisela olunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-deoxidizer;
b.Ukukhetha okunengqondo kwezindawo zokushisela;
c.Nciphisa ngokufanelekile ubude be-arc;
d.Gcina ibanga elifanelekile phakathi kwe-nozzle kanye ne-weldment;
e.Zama ukukhetha intambo yokushisela ewugqinsi, futhi ukhuphule ukushuba konqenqema lwe-workpiece groove.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingavumela ukusetshenziswa kwemisinga emikhulu.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungase futhi ukunciphisa ingxenye welding wire in the weld metal, okuzuzisa ukunciphisa Porosity kufakazelwe;
f.Zama ukungaphindi iziteleka ze-arc endaweni efanayo.Uma ukushaywa kwe-arc okuphindaphindiwe kuyadingeka, indawo yesiteleka se-arc kufanele sipholishwe noma ichithwe;uma i-weld seam inesiteleka se-arc, zama ukushisela isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ungaphuli i-arc ngokuthanda kwakho ukuze unciphise inani lamalunga.Kudingeka kube nendawo ethile eyeqayo ye-weld seam ekuhlanganyeleni;
g.Shintsha igesi yokuvikela;
h.Hlola usayizi wokugeleza komoya;
i.Ukushisa isisekelo sensimbi;
j.Hlola ukuthi ingabe kukhona ukuvuza komoya kanye nokulimala kuqhoqhoqho;
k.Weld lapho umswakama womoya uphansi, noma sebenzisa isistimu yokushisisa.
3. I-arc ayizinzile
imbangela:
Ukuxhumeka kwentambo yamandla, ukungcola, noma umoya.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Hlola zonke izingxenye ze-conductive futhi ugcine ubuso buhlanzekile;
b.Susa ukungcola ekuhlanganyeleni;
c.Zama ukungashiseli ezindaweni ezingadala ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza komoya.
4. Ukwakheka kwe-weld okungalungile
imbangela:
a.Ukukhetha okungalungile kokucaciswa kwe-welding;
b.I-engeli yethoshi yokushisela ayilungile;
c.Abashiseli abanamakhono ekusebenzeni;
d.Imbobo yethiphu yokuxhumana inkulu kakhulu;
e.Izintambo zokushisela, izingxenye zokushisela kanye negesi evikelayo kuqukethe umswakama.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Ukulungisa iphutha ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuze ukhethe ukucaciswa kokushisela okufanele;
b.Gcina i-engeli yokuthambekela efanele yethoshi yokushisela;
c.Khetha imbobo yethiphu yokuxhumana efanele;
d.Hlanza ngokucophelela intambo yokushisela kanye ne-weldment ngaphambi kokushisela ukuze uqinisekise ukuhlanzeka kwegesi.
5. Ukungena okungaphelele
imbangela:
a.Ijubane lokushisela lishesha kakhulu futhi i-arc yinde kakhulu;
b.Ukucutshungulwa kwe-groove okungalungile kanye nokuvunyelwa kwemishini encane kakhulu;
c.Ukucaciswa kokushisela kuncane kakhulu;
d.I-welding current ayizinzile.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Yehlisa ngokufanelekile isivinini sokushisela bese wehlisa i-arc;
b.Nciphisa ngokufanelekile unqenqema olufiphele noma wandise igebe lempande;
c.Khulisa i-welding current kanye ne-arc voltage ukuze uqinisekise amandla okufaka okushisa anele ensimbi eyisisekelo;
d.Engeza idivayisi yokuhlinzeka amandla ezinzile
e.Intambo yokushisela izacile isiza ukukhulisa ukujula kokungena, futhi intambo yokushisela ewugqinsi inyusa inani lokubeka, ngakho kufanele ikhethwe ngendlela efanele.
6. Ayihlanganisiwe
imbangela:
a.Ifilimu ye-oxide noma ukugqwala engxenyeni ye-welding ayihlanzwa;
b.Okokufaka ukushisa okunganele.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Hlanza indawo ukuze ishiselwe ngaphambi kokushisela
b.Khulisa i-welding current kanye ne-arc voltage, futhi unciphise isivinini sokushisela;
c.Amalunga amise okwe-U asetshenziselwa amapuleti awugqinsi, kodwa amalunga amise okwe-V awavamile ukusetshenziswa.
7. Umfantu
imbangela:
a.Ukwakheka kwesakhiwo akunangqondo, futhi ama-welds agxilile kakhulu, okuholela ekucindezelekeni kokuvimbela ngokweqile kwamalunga ahlanganisiwe;
b.Ichibi elincibilikisiwe likhulu kakhulu, lishisa ngokweqile, futhi izakhi ze-alloying ziyashiswa;
c.I-arc crater ekugcineni kwe-weld ipholiswa ngokushesha;
d.Ukwakheka kwentambo yokushisela akufani nesisekelo sensimbi;
e.Isilinganiso sokujula kobubanzi be-weld sikhulu kakhulu.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Yakha kahle ukwakheka kokushisela, hlela ama-welds ngokunengqondo, yenza ama-welds agweme indawo yokugxilisa ukucindezeleka ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ukhethe ukulandelana kwe-welding ngokunengqondo;
b.Yehlisa i-welding current noma ukhuphule isivinini sokushisela ngokufanele;
c.Ukusebenza kwe-arc crater kufanele kube okulungile, kwengeze ipuleti lesiteleka se-arc noma kusetshenziswa idivayisi yamanje yokunciphisa ukugcwalisa i-arc crater;
d.Ukukhetha okulungile kwentambo yokushisela.
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8. Ukufakwa kwe-slag
imbangela:
a.Ukuhlanza okungaphelele ngaphambi kokushisela;
b.I-welding current eyeqile ibangela ukuthi ithiphu lokuxhumana lincibilike kancane futhi lixube echibini elincibilikisiwe ukuze lenze ama-slag inclusions;
c.Isivinini sokushisela siyashesha kakhulu.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Qinisa umsebenzi wokuhlanza ngaphambi kokushisela.Ngesikhathi se-welding ye-multi-pass, ukuhlanzwa kwe-weld seam kumele futhi kwenziwe ngemuva kokudlula kwe-welding ngayinye;
b.Endabeni yokuqinisekisa ukungena, yehlisa i-welding yamanje ngokufanele, futhi ungacindezeli ithiphu yokuxhumana iphansi kakhulu lapho i-welding nge-high current;
c.Yehlisa kahle isivinini sokushisela, sebenzisa intambo yokushisela enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-deoxidizer, futhi ukhuphule i-arc voltage.
9. I-Undercut
imbangela:
a.I-welding current inkulu kakhulu futhi i-welding voltage iphezulu kakhulu;
b.Ijubane lokushisela lishesha kakhulu futhi ucingo lokugcwalisa luncane kakhulu;
c.Ithoshi lishwibeka ngokungalingani.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Lungisa kahle i-welding current kanye ne-arc voltage;
b.Khulisa ngokufanele isivinini sokuphakela ucingo noma unciphise isivinini sokushisela;
c.Yenza yonke imizamo yokushwiba ithoshi ngokulinganayo.
10. Ukungcola okushisela
imbangela:
a.Ukufakwa kwegesi yokuvikela okungafanele;
b.Intambo yokushisela ayihlanzekile;
c.Izinto eziyisisekelo zingcolile.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Hlola ukuthi ipayipi lokuhambisa umoya liyavuza yini, ingabe kukhona okusalungiswa, ukuthi umlomo wegesi ukhululekile yini, nokuthi igesi yokuvikela isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele yini;
b.Ukuthi izinto zokushisela zigcinwa ngendlela efanele;
c.Susa uwoyela namafutha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuhlanza ngomshini;
d.Susa i-oxide ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ibhulashi lensimbi engagqwali.
11. Ukungadli kahle ngocingo
imbangela:
A. Ithiphu yokuxhumana kanye nentambo yokushisela iyavutha;
b.Izintambo zokushisela;
c.Futha i-arc;
d.Ipayipi lokuphakela ngocingo lide kakhulu noma liqine kakhulu;
e.Isondo lokuphakela ngocingo alilungile noma ligugile;
f.Kukhona ama-burrs amaningi, imihuzuko, uthuli nokungcola ebusweni bezinto zokushisela.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Yehlisa ukushuba kwe-wire feed roller futhi usebenzise uhlelo lokuqala olunensa;
b.Hlola indawo yokuxhumana yazo zonke izintambo zokushisela futhi unciphise indawo yokuxhumana yensimbi nensimbi;
c.Hlola isimo sethiphu yokuxhumana kanye nepayipi lokuphakela ucingo, futhi uhlole isimo sesondo lokuphakela ucingo;
d.Hlola ukuthi ububanzi bethiphu yokuxhumana luyahambisana yini;
e.Sebenzisa izinto ezimelana nokuguga ukuze ugweme ukunqanyulwa ngesikhathi sokuncelisa ucingo;
f.Hlola isimo sokuguga se-reel yocingo;
g.Khetha usayizi ofanele, ukwakheka kanye nesimo esingaphezulu sesondo lokuphakela ngocingo;
h.Khetha izinto zokushisela ezinekhwalithi engcono yangaphezulu.
12. Isiqalo esibi
imbangela:
a.Isisekelo esingesihle;
b.Usayizi wethiphu yokuxhumana awulungile;
c.Alikho igesi elivikelayo.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
a.Hlola ukuthi zonke izimo zokumisa zilungile yini, futhi usebenzise isiqalo esinensayo noma i-arc eshisayo eqala ukusiza ukuqala kwe-arc;
b.Hlola ukuthi indawo yangaphakathi yethiphu yokuxhumana ivinjwe izinto zensimbi;
c.Sebenzisa umsebenzi wokuhlanza ngaphambili kwegesi;
d.Shintsha amapharamitha we-welding.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-21-2023
