I-Cryogenic air separation ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitrogen kuyindlela evamile yokukhiqiza i-nitrogen enomlando wamashumi ambalwa eminyaka. Isebenzisa umoya njengempahla eluhlaza, iwucindezele futhi iwuhlanze, bese isebenzisa ukushintshanisa ukushisa ukuze incibilikise umoya emoyeni owuketshezi. Umoya owuketshezi ngokuyinhloko uyingxube yomoya-mpilo owuketshezi kanye ne-nitrogen engamanzi. Ngokusebenzisa amaphuzu ahlukene abilayo omoya-mpilo owuketshezi kanye ne-nitrogen eyi-liquid, i-nitrogen itholakala ngokuyihlukanisa ngokusebenzisa ukucwiliswa komoya owuketshezi.
Ukugeleza kwenqubo evamile
Yonke le nqubo iqukethe ukucindezelwa komoya kanye nokuhlanzwa, ukuhlukaniswa komoya, kanye ne-liquid nitrogen vaporization.
1. Ukucindezelwa komoya nokuhlanzwa
Ngemva kokuba umoya usuhlanzwe othulini nasekungcoleni kwemishini ngesihlungi somoya, ungena ku-compressor yomoya, ucindezelwe ukucindezela okudingekayo, bese uthunyelwa ku-cooler emoyeni ukuze unciphise izinga lokushisa lomoya. Bese ingena ku-air drying purifier ukususa umswakama, i-carbon dioxide, i-acetylene namanye ama-hydrocarbon emoyeni.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa komoya
Umoya ocwengekile ungena endaweni yokushisa enkulu embhoshongweni wokuhlukanisa umoya, upholiswe ekushiseni kwe-saturation yigesi ye-reflux (i-nitrogen yomkhiqizo, i-waste gas), futhi ithunyelwa phansi kombhoshongo wokuhluza. I-Nitrojeni itholakala phezulu kombhoshongo, futhi umoya owuketshezi uyaphonswa futhi uthunyelwe Ingena ku-evaporator ye-condensation ukuze ihwamuke, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingxenye ye-nitrogen ethunyelwa embhoshongweni wokulungisa iyancishiswa. Ingxenye ye-nitrogen ewuketshezi ejiyile isetshenziswa njengoketshezi lwe-reflux lombhoshongo wokulungisa, kanti enye ingxenye isetshenziswa njengomkhiqizo we-nitrogen owuketshezi futhi ishiya umbhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya.
Igesi ephumayo evela ku-evaporator ye-condensation ishisisa kabusha ibe ngu-130K isishintshi sokushisa esikhulu futhi ingena esikhulisini ukuze sinwetshwe nesiqandisi ukuze sinikeze umthamo wokupholisa wombhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya. Ingxenye yegesi eyandisiwe isetshenziselwa ukuvuselela nokupholisa isisefo samangqamuzana, bese ikhishwa ngesithulisi. umkhathi.
3. Ukuhwamuka kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi
I-nitrogen eyiketshezi evela embhoshongweni wokuhlukanisa umoya igcinwa ethangini lokugcina i-nitrogen eliwuketshezi. Lapho okokusebenza kokuhlukanisa komoya kuhlolwa, i-nitrogen ewuketshezi ethangini lokugcina ingena ku-vaporizer bese ishiselwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa epayipini le-nitrogen lomkhiqizo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitrogen ye-Cryogenic kungakhiqiza i-nitrogen enobumsulwa obungu-≧99.999%.
ubumsulwa
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitrogen ye-Cryogenic kungakhiqiza i-nitrogen enobumsulwa obungu-≧99.999%. Ukuhlanzeka kwe-nitrogen kunqunyelwe umthwalo we-nitrogen, inani lamathreyi, ukusebenza kahle kwethreyi nokuhlanzeka komoya-mpilo emoyeni owuketshezi, njll., futhi ububanzi bokulungisa buncane.
Ngakho-ke, ngesethi yemishini yokukhiqiza i-nitrogen ye-cryogenic, ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo kuqinisekile futhi akulula ukulungisa.
Imishini eyinhloko efakwe kudivayisi ye-cryogenic nitrogen generator
1. Ukuhlunga komoya
Ukuze unciphise ukuguga kwendawo enyakazayo esebenza ngomshini ngaphakathi kwe-compressor yomoya futhi uqinisekise izinga lomoya, ngaphambi kokuba umoya ungene ku-compressor yomoya, kufanele uqale udlule kusihlungi somoya ukuze ukhiphe uthuli nokunye ukungcola okuqukethwe kuwo. Ukungena komoya kwama-compressor kusetshenziswa kakhulu izihlungi ezisebenza kahle noma izihlungi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.
2. I-compressor yomoya
Ngokusho kwesimiso sokusebenza, ama-air compressors angahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: i-volumetric nesivinini. Ama-compressor omoya ngokuvamile asebenzisa ama-compressor komoya we-piston aphindaphindayo, ama-compressor komoya amaphakathi kanye nama-screw air compressor.
3. I-air cooler
Isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lomoya ocindezelwe ngaphambi kokungena endaweni yokuhlanza okomisa umoya kanye nombhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya, ugweme ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa elingena embhoshongweni, futhi linganciphisa umswakama omningi emoyeni ocindezelwe. Ama-cooler amanzi e-nitrogen (akhiwe ngemibhoshongo yokupholisa amanzi kanye nemibhoshongo yokupholisa umoya: umbhoshongo wokupholisa amanzi usebenzisa igesi engcolile evela embhoshongweni ohlukanisa umoya ukuze upholise amanzi ajikelezayo, futhi umbhoshongo wokupholisa umoya usebenzisa amanzi ajikelezayo asuka embhoshongweni wokupholisa amanzi ukuze upholise umoya. umoya), i-Freon air cooler .
4. Isomisi somoya nesihlanza
Umoya ocindezelweyo usaqukethe inani elithile lomswakama, i-carbon dioxide, i-acetylene namanye ama-hydrocarbon ngemva kokudlula endaweni epholile. Umswakama oqandisiwe kanye ne-carbon dioxide efakwe embhoshongweni wokuhlukanisa umoya kuzovimba imigudu, amapayipi namavalvu. I-acetylene inqwabelana oksijini oketshezi futhi kunengozi yokuqhuma. Uthuli luzoguga imishini yokusebenza. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile kwesikhathi eside kweyunithi yokuhlukanisa umoya, imishini ekhethekile yokuhlanza kufanele imiswe ukuze kususwe lokhu kungcola. Izindlela ezivame kakhulu zokuhlanza umoya i-adsorption kanye neqhwa. Indlela ye-molecular sieve adsorption isetshenziswa kakhulu kumajeneretha e-nitrogen amancane naphakathi nendawo e-China.
5. Umbhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya
Umbhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya ikakhulukazi uhlanganisa isishintshi sokushisa esiyinhloko, i-liquefier, i-distillation tower, i-evaporator ebambayo, njll. Isishintshi sokushisa esiyinhloko, i-evaporator ebambayo kanye ne-liquefier yizishintshi zokushisa ezisonteke ngamapuleti. Iwuhlobo olusha lwesishintshi sokushisa esihlanganisiwe esine-aluminiyamu yensimbi yonke. Umehluko ophakathi kwezinga lokushisa mncane kakhulu futhi ukusebenza kahle kokushintshanisa ukushisa kuphezulu njenge-98-99%. I-distillation tower iyithuluzi lokuhlukanisa umoya. Izinhlobo zemishini yombhoshongo zihlukaniswa ngokwezingxenye zangaphakathi. Umbhoshongo wepuleti lesisefo onepuleti lesisefo ubizwa ngokuthi umbhoshongo wepuleti lesisefo, umbhoshongo we-bubble cap plate ubizwa ngokuthi umbhoshongo we-bubble cap, futhi umbhoshongo opakishiwe onokupakishwa okustakiwe ubizwa ngokuthi i-sieve plate tower. Ipuleti lesisefo linesakhiwo esilula, kulula ukulenza, futhi linepuleti elisebenza kahle kakhulu, ngakho-ke lisetshenziswa kakhulu emibhoshongweni ye-air fractionation distillation. Imibhoshongo epakishiwe isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi imibhoshongo yokuphuza utshwala enobubanzi obungaphansi kuka-0.8m nobude obungekho ngaphezu kuka-7m. Imibhoshongo ye-Bubble cap manje ayivamisile ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esiyinkimbinkimbi kanye nobunzima bokukhiqiza.
6. I-Turboexpander
Kungumshini we-blade ojikelezayo osetshenziswa amajeneretha e-nitrogen ukukhiqiza amandla abandayo. Kuyi-turbine yegesi esetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezimo eziphansi zokushisa. Ama-Turboexpanders ahlukaniswe abe uhlobo lokugeleza kwe-axial, uhlobo lokugeleza kwe-radial centripetal kanye nohlobo lokugeleza kwe-radial centripetal ngokusho kokuqondisa kokugeleza kwegesi ku-impeller; ngokuya ngokuthi igesi iyaqhubeka nokukhula ku-impeller, ihlukaniswe ngohlobo lokuhlasela kanye nohlobo lomthelela. Ukunwetshwa okuqhubekayo kuwuhlobo lokuhlasela. uhlobo, aluqhubeki ukwanda futhi luba uhlobo lomthelela. Izikhulisi ze-turbine yesiteji esisodwa se-radial axial flow impact zisetshenziswa kakhulu kumishini yokuhlukanisa umoya. Ijeneretha ye-nitrogen yokuhlukanisa umoya ye-cryogenic inemishini eyinkimbinkimbi, indawo enkulu, izindleko zengqalasizinda eziphezulu, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi esisodwa kwezinto zokusebenza, izindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza, ukukhiqizwa kwegesi okuhamba kancane (amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24), izidingo zokufakwa okuphezulu, nomjikelezo omude. Ngokucabangela amathuluzi, ukufakwa kanye nezici zengqalasizinda, isikali sokutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini ye-PSA enemininingwane efanayo yemishini engaphansi kuka-3500Nm3/h siphansi ngo-20% kuya ku-50% kunaleso semishini yokuhlukanisa umoya i-cryogenic. Idivaysi yokukhiqiza i-nitrogen ye-cryogenic ifanele ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitrogen yezimboni ezinkulu, kodwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitrogen esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo akunamali.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-27-2024
