Nazi izingqinamba eziningi ezidlala indima ekunethezekeni komsebenzisi wokushisela, okuhlanganisa ukushisa okukhiqizwa inqubo yokushisela, ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, imishini enzima. Lezi zinselele zingase zibe nzima, zibangele izinhlungu, ukukhathala nokucindezeleka ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwabasebenza ngokushisela.
Kukhona ezinye izinyathelo, nokho, ukusiza ukunciphisa umthelela walezi zici. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhetha okokusebenza okufanele komsebenzi, ukusebenzisa amathuluzi nezinsiza ezidizayinelwe ukuthuthukisa ukunethezeka komsebenzisi, kanye nokulandela ezinye izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu ezikhuthaza ifomu elifanele lomsebenzisi.
Ukukhetha isibhamu se-gas metal arc welding (GMAW) esifanele
Ukukhuthaza ukunethezeka komsebenzisi kunganciphisa ithuba lokulimala okuhambisana nokunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe, kanye nokunciphisa ukukhathala okuphelele. Ukukhetha isibhamu se-GMAW esihlangabezana nezidingo zesicelo - futhi kwezinye izimo ukwenza isibhamu ngokwezifiso - kuyindlela ebucayi yokuba nomthelela wokunethezeka komqhubi we-welding ukuze akwazi ukuzuza imiphumela engcono kakhulu.
Idizayini yesibhamu, isibambo, intamo nekhebula lamandla konke kusiza ukunquma ukuthi isisebenzi esishiselayo singashisela isikhathi esingakanani ngaphandle kokukhathala noma ingcindezi. Ijiyomethri ehlanganyelwe ye-weld yohlelo lokusebenza nayo idlala indima ekunethezekeni komsebenzisi wokushisela, futhi inomthelela ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye ezingazikhetha ukuze zifinyelele ngokuhlanganyela ngokugcwele.
Nazi ezinye izindaba okufanele zicatshangelwe ekukhetheni izibhamu ze-GMAW ezingaba nomthelela wokunethezeka, kanye nekhwalithi nokukhiqiza:
I-Amperage:
Ubukhulu besibhamu bungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekunethezekeni komsebenzisi wokushisela ngoba, ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwe-amperage, kukhudlwana - futhi kusinda kakhulu - isibhamu. Ngakho-ke, isibhamu esikhulu se-amperage singase singabi inketho engcono kakhulu uma leso silinganiso se-amperage singadingeki ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza. Ukukhetha isibhamu esincane esinamandla uma kungenzeka kungasiza ukunciphisa ukukhathala nengcindezi ezihlakaleni nasezizandleni zomqhubi wokushisela. Ekukhetheni isilinganiso esifanele, cabangela izidingo zomjikelezo womsebenzi wohlelo lokusebenza. Umjikelezo womsebenzi usho inombolo yamaminithi esikhathini esiyimizuzu eyi-10 lapho isibhamu singasebenza ngaso ngokugcwele ngaphandle kokushisisa ngokweqile.
Isibonelo, umjikelezo womsebenzi ongamaphesenti angu-60 usho imizuzu eyisithupha yesikhathi esigcwele ngesikhathi esiyimizuzu eyi-10. Izicelo eziningi azidingi ukuthi opharetha wokushisela asebenzise isibhamu njalo emjikelezweni womsebenzi ogcwele. Ezimweni eziningi, isibhamu esiphezulu se-amperage sidingeka kuphela lapho umthombo wamandla uqhutshwa ngokuqhubekayo.
Isibambo:
Izinketho zokubamba zezibhamu ze-GMAW zifaka izitayela eziqondile nezigobile. Ukukhetha okulungile kuvame ukwehlela enqubweni ethile, izidingo zohlelo lokusebenza futhi - imvamisa - okuthandwa ngu-opharetha. Khumbula ukuthi isibambo esincane sivame ukuba lula ukusibamba nokuyiqondisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inketho yesibambo esiphuma umoya ikhuthaza ukunethezeka komsebenzisi okuthuthukisiwe, njengoba lesi sitayela singaphola ngokushesha uma isibhamu singasetshenziswa. Nakuba ukunethezeka komsebenzisi kanye nokuthandwayo kuwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile, izibambo kufanele futhi zihlangabezane nesibhamu kanye nezidingo zomjikelezo womsebenzi kanye nesilinganiso sohlelo lokusebenza. Isibambo esiqondile sinikeza ukuguquguquka ngokuvumela ukukhweza i-trigger phezulu noma phansi kwesibambo. Ukuyibeka phezulu kuyisinqumo esihle sokuthuthukisa ukunethezeka ko-opharetha ezinhlelweni zokushisa okuphezulu noma kulabo abadinga ama-welds amade.
Qalisa:
Kunezinketho eziningi zokuqalisa ezingathuthukisa ukunethezeka nokuphepha. Bheka i-trigger engadingi amandla amaningi okudonsa kunesidingo ukuze ugcine i-arc, ukunciphisa ingcindezi ku-opharetha. Futhi, izibangeli zokukhiya ziyinketho enhle yokunciphisa ingcindezi emunweni ka-opharetha wokushisela okubangelwa ukubamba, ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi “i-trigger finger.” I-trigger yokukhiya, njengoba negama layo lisho, ingavalelwa endaweni. Lesi sici sivumela u-opharetha wokushisela ukuthi akhe ama-welds amade, aqhubekayo ngaphandle kokubamba i-trigger sonke isikhathi. Izibangeli zokukhiya futhi zisiza kude u-opharetha we-welding kusukela ekushiseni okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokushisela, okuzenza zifaneleke kahle ukusetshenziswa kwe-amperage ephezulu.
Intamo:
Enye ingxenye yesibhamu edlala indima ekududuzeni komqhubi yintamo. Izintamo ezishintshayo nezivumelana nezimo zitholakala ngobude nama-engeli ahlukahlukene, futhi zingalungiswa ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza, zinikeze izinketho eziningi zokusiza ukunciphisa ubunzima bomsebenzisi. Ukufinyelela okuhlangene, isilinganiso sesibhamu kanye nomjikelezo wokusebenza odingekayo wokufaka isicelo kuyizinto ezibalulekile lapho ukhetha intamo yesibhamu. Isibonelo, intamo ende yesibhamu ingathuthukisa ukunethezeka komsebenzisi lapho uhlelo lokusebenza ludinga ukufinyelela okude. Intamo eguquguqukayo ingenza okufanayo lapho ifinyelela amalunga ekhoneni eliqinile.
Inketho engcono kakhulu yokushisela ipayipi kungase kube intamo engu-80-degree, kuyilapho intamo engu-45- noma 60-degree ingase ifaneleke kangcono ukushisela endaweni eyisicaba. Izintamo ezishintshayo zivumela ama-opharetha ama-welding ukuthi ajikeleze intamo njengoba kudingeka, njengendawo engaphandle kwendawo noma i-welding ephezulu. Ezimweni lapho udinga intamo ende, enye inketho ukusebenzisa i-coupler yentamo, okuyithuluzi elihlanganisa izintamo ezimbili zesibhamu. Ukuvumelana nezimo okuhlinzekwa yilezi zinketho eziningi zentamo kungaholela ekunciphiseni kwethuba lokukhathala komsebenzisi, ubunzima nokulimala.
Ikhebuli yamandla:
Ikhebula lamandla lengeza isisindo esibhamuni futhi lingangeza futhi imfuhlumfuhlu endaweni yokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, izintambo ezincane nezifushane zinconywa, inqobo nje uma zihlangabezana nezidingo zesicelo. Akuzona kuphela izintambo ezimfishane nezincane ngokuvamile ezilula futhi ezivumelana nezimo nakakhulu - ukunciphisa ukukhathala kanye nobunzima ezandleni nasezihlakaleni zomqhubi wokushisela - kodwa futhi zisiza ekunciphiseni imfuhlumfuhlu nobungozi bokukhubeka endaweni yokusebenza.
Cabangela ibhalansi yesibhamu
Ngenxa yokuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza zokushisela ziyahlukahluka kuwo wonke ama-welding operator, izibhamu ze-GMAW ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zingaba inketho enhle yokuthola induduzo enkulu.
Izibhamu zokushisela ezihlukene zinganikeza "ibhalansi" ehlukene, okubhekisela ekuzizweleni nasekuhambeni kalula okuhlangenwe nakho lapho opharetha wokushisela ephethe isibhamu. Isibonelo, isibhamu esinzima esilinganiselwe kahle singanciphisa ukukhathala komsebenzisi uma kuqhathaniswa nesibhamu esinzima esingalingani kahle.
Isibhamu esinokulinganisela kahle sizozizwa singokwemvelo ezandleni zomqhubi futhi kube lula ukusilawula. Uma isibhamu singalingani kahle, singase sizizwe singalawuleki noma singakhululeki ukusisebenzisa. Lokhu kungenza umehluko ekunethezekeni komsebenzisi nasekukhiqizeni.
Yenza ngokwezifiso umsebenzi
Ngenxa yokuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza zokushisela ziyahlukahluka kuwo wonke ama-welding operator, izibhamu ze-GMAW ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zingaba inketho enhle yokuthola induduzo enkulu. Ukunethezeka okungekuhle komqhubi we-welding kungaba nomthelela ngqo ekukhiqizeni nasekusebenzeni kahle.
Abanye abakhiqizi bezibhamu banikela ngezinsiza eziku-inthanethi ukusiza abahlinzeki bokushisela balungise isibhamu se-GMAW ukuze bathole imininingwane eqondile yomsebenzi. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isibhamu sifanele izintandokazi zomsebenzisi kanye nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza - ukuze uthole ukunethezeka okukhulu nokukhiqiza. ttNgokwesibonelo, ama-opharetha amaningi okushisela awenzi umnyakazo omkhulu, oshanelayo lapho usebenzisa isibhamu se-GMAW. Kunalokho, bathambekele ekusebenziseni umzuzu owengeziwe, ukuqondisa kahle isibhamu. Okunye ukulungiselelwa kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhethe inketho etholakalayo yezibhamu zokukhipha intuthu - isibonelo, ibhola nesokhethi idizayini ejikajikayo esiza ipayipi levacuum ukuthi lihambe ngokuhlukana nesibambo. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka futhi kunciphisa ukukhathala kwesandla ku-opharetha wokushisela.
Sebenzisa ukuma okulungile kanye nefomu
Ukusebenzisa indawo efanele yokushisela kanye nefomu kuyizindlela ezengeziwe lapho ama-opharetha wokushisela angakhuphula ukunethezeka emsebenzini. Ukucindezeleka okuphindaphindayo noma ukuma okunganethezeki okuhlala isikhathi eside kungaholela ekulimaleni komsebenzisi - noma ngisho nesidingo sokusebenza kabusha okubizayo nokuthatha isikhathi ngenxa yokushisela kwekhwalithi engeyinhle.
Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, beka ucezu lokusebenza phansi bese uluhambisa endaweni enethezeke kakhulu. Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina indawo yokusebenza ihlanzekile. Kwezinye izimo, isibhamu esikhipha umusi esibhangqwe nohlelo olufanele oluphathwayo lokukhipha intuthu kungaba inketho esebenzayo yokufaka esikhundleni sokugqoka isiphefumulo esinamandla sokuhlanza umoya futhi sinciphise inani lempahla umqhubi wokushisela okufanele ayigqoke. Ukuze ugcine ukuthobela nokuphepha, kuhlale kuwumqondo omuhle ukuthintana nodokotela wezokuhlanzeka kwezezimboni ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi leso yisinyathelo esifanele.
Ukwengeza, ukunethezeka komsebenzisi kungakhuliswa ngokusebenzisa ukuma okuzinzile nokugwema ukuma komzimba okungajwayelekile, nangokungasebenzi endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside. Lapho beshisela endaweni ehlezi, opharetha kufanele futhi babe ne-workpiece engaphansi kancane kwezinga lendolo. Uma isicelo sidinga ukuma isikhathi eside, sebenzisa ukuphumula kwezinyawo.
Ukwandisa ukunethezeka
Ukuba nezinto ezifanele, ukukhetha okokusebenza noma izesekeli okulula ukuzisebenzisa nokukhuthaza ukunethezeka komqhubi, kanye nokusebenzisa indlela efanele yokushisela kanye nefomu kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuthola indawo yokusebenza entofontofo, ephephile yabasebenza ngokushisela.
Izibhamu zokushisela ezingasindi ezinesibambo esifanele kanye nemiklamo yentamo yomsebenzi kanye nezomsebenzisi zingasiza ekufinyeleleni imiphumela ephephile nekhiqizayo. Ukwehliswa kwengcindezi yokushisa, ukukhathala kwesandla nentamo nokunyakaza okuphindaphindayo nakho kungasiza ekwehliseni ukucindezeleka okuphelele ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwabasebenza ngokushisela.
Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle, cabangela izinketho eziningi ezitholakalayo ekwenzeni isibhamu se-GMAW esilungele uhlelo lokusebenza nokuncanyelwayo komsebenzisi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-04-2023
