Kunezinto eziningi ezidinga ukunakwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela. Uma kunganakwa, kungaholela emaphutheni amakhulu.
Imininingwane inquma impumelelo noma ukwehluleka, sicela uyifunde ngesineke!
1 Unganaki ukukhetha i-voltage engcono kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwe-welding
[Phenomena] Ngesikhathi sokushisela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubukhulu be-groove, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isisekelo, ukugcwalisa noma ukumboza, i-arc voltage efanayo ikhethiwe. Ngale ndlela, ukujula nobubanzi bokungena okudingekayo angeke kufinyelelwe, futhi amaphutha njengama-undercuts, ama-pores, kanye ne-spatter kungenzeka.
[Izilinganiso] Ngokuvamile, i-arc ende ehambelanayo noma i-arc emfushane kufanele ikhethwe ezimweni ezihlukene ukuze kutholwe ikhwalithi engcono yokushisela nokusebenza kahle.
Isibonelo, ukusebenza kwe-arc okufushane kufanele kusetshenziswe ukuze kutholwe ukungena okungcono ngesikhathi sokushisela okuphansi, futhi i-arc voltage inganyuswa ngokufanelekile ukuze kutholwe ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nobubanzi bokuncibilika ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa ukushisela noma ukushisela ikhava.
2 I-Welding ayilawuli i-welding current
[I-Phenomena] Ngesikhathi sokushisela, ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubekelaphambili, ama-butt welds amapuleti aphakathi nendawo awugqinsile. Inkomba yamandla iyehla, noma yehluleke ngisho nokuhlangabezana nezidingo ezijwayelekile, bese kuvela imifantu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokugoba. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi ukusebenza kwejoyinti lokushisela kungakwazi ukuqinisekiswa futhi kube yingozi enkulu ekuphepheni kwesakhiwo.
[Izinyathelo] Lapho ushisela, i-welding current kufanele ilawulwe ngokuvumelana nokuhlolwa kwenqubo, futhi ukushintshashintsha kwe-10 kuya ku-15% kuvunyelwe. Ubukhulu bonqenqema obubuthuntu be-groove akufanele budlule u-6mm. Lapho u-docking, lapho ubukhulu bepuleti budlula u-6mm, ama-bevels kufanele enzelwe ukushisela.
3 Ukunganaki ukusetshenziswa okuhlelekile kwejubane lokushisela, i-welding current, kanye nobubanzi be-electrode
[Phenomena] Lapho Welding, musa ukunaka ukulawula isivinini Welding kanye Welding wamanje, futhi uqondise ukusetshenziswa electrode ububanzi kanye Welding isikhundla.
Isibonelo, lapho wenza i-primer welding emthungoni ongene ngokuphelele ekhoneni, ngenxa yosayizi omncane wempande, uma ijubane lokushisela lishesha kakhulu, igesi yezimpande kanye ne-slag inclusions ayinaso isikhathi esanele sokukhishwa, okungase kubangele kalula amaphutha anjalo. njengokungena okungaphelele, ukufakwa kwe-slag, nama-pores ezimpandeni. ; Uma ushisela ikhava, uma ijubane lokushisela lishesha kakhulu, kulula ukukhiqiza ama-pores; uma isivinini se-welding sihamba kancane, ukuqiniswa kwe-weld kuyoba phezulu kakhulu futhi isimo sizobe singajwayelekile; lapho ushisela amapuleti amancane noma ama-welds anemiphetho emincane efiphele, isivinini sokushisela sizoba phezulu kakhulu. Uhamba kancane futhi ujwayele ukutubeka nezinye izimo.
[Izilinganiso] Isivinini sokushisela sinomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi yokushisela kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwe-welding. Lapho ukhetha, khetha ijubane elifanele le-welding ngokuya nge-welding current, i-welding seam position (i-welding ephansi, i-welding yokugcwalisa, i-cover welding), ukujiya kwe-welding seam, kanye nosayizi we-groove. Isivinini, ngesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukungena, ukukhishwa kalula kwegesi kanye ne-welding slag, akukho ukushiswa, kanye nokwakheka okuhle, isivinini esiphezulu se-welding sikhethwa ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza nokusebenza kahle.
4 Ukwehluleka ukunaka ukulawula ubude be-arc ngesikhathi sokushisela
[Phenomena] Ngesikhathi sokushisela, ubude be-arc abulungiswa kahle ngokuhambisana nefomu le-groove, inani lezendlalelo ze-welding, ifomu le-welding, imodeli ye-electrode, njll. .
[Izinyathelo] Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi ye-weld, imisebenzi emifushane ye-arc ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokushisela, kodwa ubude be-arc obufanele bungakhethwa ngokuya ngezimo ezihlukene ukuze kutholwe ikhwalithi yokushisela efanele, njengesinyathelo sokuqala sokubunjwa kwe-V. amajoyinti ezinqeni ze-groove namalunga ekhoneni. Isendlalelo sokuqala kufanele sisebenzise i-arc emfushane ukuqinisekisa ukungena ngaphandle kokusika, futhi ungqimba lwesibili lungaba lude kancane ukugcwalisa i-weld. Lapho igebe lokushisela lincane, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-arc emfushane. Uma igebe likhulu, i-arc ingaba yinde kancane futhi ijubane lokushisela lizosheshiswa. I-arc yokushisela phezulu kufanele ibe imfushane kakhulu ukuvimbela insimbi encibilikisiwe ukuthi ingagelezi iye phansi; ukuze ulawule izinga lokushisa lechibi elincibilikisiwe ngesikhathi sokushisela okuqondile nokuvundlile, ukushisela okuncane kwamanje kanye nokufushane kwe-arc kufanele futhi kusetshenziswe.
Ukwengeza, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-welding olusetshenziswayo, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekugcineni ubude be-arc bungashintshile ngesikhathi sokunyakaza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ububanzi bokungena nokujula kokungena kwe-weld yonke kuyahambisana.
5 Ukushisela ngaphandle kokunaka ukulawula i-welding deformation
[Phenomena] Lapho Welding, awunaki ukulawula deformation kusukela izici ukulandelana Welding, ilungiselelo abasebenzi, ifomu groove, Ukucaciswa Welding Ukukhetha kanye nezindlela zokusebenza, njll, okuholela deformation enkulu ngemva Welding, nobunzima ukulungiswa, futhi izindleko ezikhulayo, ikakhulukazi amapuleti aminyene kanye nezingxenye zokusebenza ezinkulu. Ukulungisa kunzima, futhi ukulungisa ngomshini kungabangela kalula imifantu noma izinyembezi ze-lamellar. Izindleko zokulungiswa komlilo ziphezulu futhi ukusebenza kabi kungabangela kalula ukushisa kwe-workpiece.
Kuma-workpiece anezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, uma izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokulawula ukuwohloka zingathathwa, ubukhulu bokufakwa kwe-workpiece ngeke buhlangabezane nezidingo zokusetshenziswa, futhi kungase kubangele ngisho nokusetshenzwa kabusha noma ukulahlwa.
[Izinyathelo] Yamukela ukulandelana kokushisela okunengqondo bese ukhetha ukucaciswa kokushisela okufanelekile nezindlela zokusebenza, kanye nezinyathelo zokulwa nokonakala nezindlela zokulungisa eziqinile.
I-6 I-Multi-layer welding yenziwa ngokuqhubekayo futhi akukho ukunakwa okukhokhelwayo ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa phakathi kwezingqimba.
[I-Phenomena] Lapho ushisela amapuleti awugqinsi anezendlalelo eziningi, ungakunaki ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kwezendlalelo. Uma isikhawu phakathi kwezingqimba side kakhulu, ukushisela ngaphandle kokushisisa kabusha kuzodala imifantu ebandayo phakathi kwezingqimba; uma isikhawu sisifishane kakhulu, izinga lokushisa phakathi kwezingqimba liyoba Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu (lidlula ama-900°C), lizophinde lithinte ukusebenza kwe-weld kanye nendawo ethinteke ukushisa, kubangele okusanhlamvu okumahhadla, okuholela ekwehleni ukuqina nokuqina kwepulasitiki, nokushiya izingozi ezingaba khona emalungeni.
[Izinyathelo] Lapho welding multi-ungqimba amapuleti awugqinsi, ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa inter-ungqimba kufanele kuqiniswe. Phakathi nenqubo ye-welding eqhubekayo, izinga lokushisa le-welding base material kufanele lihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kwe-inter-layer lihambisana ngangokunokwenzeka nokushisa kwangaphambi kokushisa. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kufanele futhi lilawulwe.
Isikhathi sokushisela akufanele sibe side kakhulu. Uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kokushisela, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele zangemuva kokushisa nezokugcina ukushisa. Uma ushisela futhi, izinga lokushisa lokushisa kabusha kufanele libe phezulu ngokufanelekile kunezinga lokushisa lokuqala lokushisa.
I-7 Ama-weld we-Multi-layer ashiselwe ungqimba olungezansi ngaphandle kokususa i-welding slag kanye namaphutha endaweni yokushisela.
[Phenomena] Lapho Welding multi-ungqimba of amapuleti awugqinsi, Welding of the ungqimba engezansi wenziwa ngqo ngaphandle kokukhipha slag Welding kanye amaphutha ngemva ungqimba Welding ngamunye. Lokhu kungabangela kalula iziphambeko ezifana ne-slag inclusions, ama-pores, imifantu kanye nezinye iziphambeko ku-weld, ukunciphisa amandla okuxhuma futhi kubangele ukushisela kongqimba olungezansi. isikhathi splash.
[Izilinganiso] Lapho ushisela amapuleti awugqinsi ezendlalelo eziningi, ungqimba ngalunye kufanele lushiselwe ngokuqhubekayo. Ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba ngalunye lwe-welding seam lushiselwe, i-welding slag, i-welding seam surface defects kanye ne-spatter kufanele isuswe ngesikhathi. Uma noma yiziphi iziphambeko ezifana ne-slag inclusions, ama-pores, imifantu nezinye iziphambeko ezithinta ikhwalithi ye-welding zitholakala, kufanele zisuswe ngokuphelele ngaphambi kwe-welding.
Imishini yokushisela i-Xinfa inezici zekhwalithi ephezulu nenani eliphansi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane, sicela uvakashele:Abakhiqizi Bezinto Zokushisela Nabasika - Imboni Yokushisela & Cutting yase-China & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)
8 Usayizi wefillet onganele wenhlanganisela yezinqe ezihlanganyelwe noma yekhona edinga ukungena
[I-Phenomena] Inhlanganisela yezinqe noma ikona okushisela okudinga ukungena okunjengamajoyinti amise okwe-T, amalunga ayisiphambano, amalunga ekhona, njll. anosayizi onganele womlenze wokushisela, noma iwebhu kanye nephiko elingaphezulu le-crane beam noma ingxenye efanayo edinga ukubalwa kokukhathala. zakhiwe. Uma usayizi we-weld umlenze we-plate edge uxhumano weld anele, amandla nokuqina kwe-weld ngeke kuhlangabezane nezidingo zokuklama.
[Izilinganiso] Amalunga amise okwe-T, amalunga ayisiphambano, amalunga ekhoneni nokunye okuhlanganisa izinqe okushisela okudinga ukungena kufanele kuhambisane nezidingo zokuklama futhi kufanele kube nemilenze eyanele yokushisela. Ngokuvamile, usayizi womlenze wokushisela akufanele ube ngaphansi kuka-0.25t (t iyindawo yokuxhuma ibe ugqinsi lwepuleti elincane). Usayizi womlenze we-weld oxhuma iwebhu kanye ne-flange engaphezulu ye-crane beam noma i-web plate efanayo eklanyelwe ukudinga ukuqinisekiswa kokukhathala ngu-0.5t futhi akufanele ibe mkhulu kuno-10mm. Ukuchezuka okuvunyelwe kobukhulu bokushisela ngu-0~4 mm.
9 Ukushisela kuxhuma ithiphu yenduku yokushisela noma ibhulokhi yensimbi esikhaleni esihlangene
[I-Phenomena] Njengoba kunzima ukuhlanganisa ithiphu le-electrode noma i-iron block nesiqephu esishiselwe ngesikhathi sokushisela, amaphutha okushisela njengokuntuleka kokuhlanganiswa nokuntuleka kokungena kuzophumela, futhi amandla okuxhumana azoncishiswa. Uma inhloko yenduku ye-welding noma i-iron block igcwele ukugqwala, kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukuthi impahla ihambisana nesisekelo; uma ikhanda lenduku ye-welding noma i-iron block ligcwele amabala amafutha, ukungcola, njll., kuzodala ukukhubazeka okufana nama-pores, ama-slag inclusions, nokuqhekeka kwe-weld. Lezi zimo zizonciphisa kakhulu izinga lokushisela amajoyinti futhi zehluleke ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi zomklamo kanye nokucaciswa kwama-welds.
【isilinganiso】
(1) Uma igebe lokuhlanganisa le-workpiece likhulu, kodwa lingeqi ububanzi bokusetshenziswa obuvumelekile, futhi igebe lokuhlanganisa lidlula izikhathi ezi-2 kunogqinsi lweshidi noma likhulu kuno-20mm, indlela yokubuka kufanele isetshenziselwe ukugcwalisa i-recessed. izingxenye noma ukunciphisa igebe lomhlangano. Kuvinjelwe ngokuqinile ukusebenzisa indlela yokugcwalisa ikhanda lenduku ye-welding noma i-iron block ukulungisa i-welding endaweni ehlangene.
(2) Lapho ucutshungulwa futhi umaka izingxenye, kufanele kuqashelwe ukushiya isabelo esanele sokusika kanye nesibonelelo sokuncipha kokushisela ngemva kokusika, nokulawula usayizi wezingxenye. Ungakhulisi igebe ukuze uqinisekise usayizi wokubukeka.
10 Ukunganaki ukulandelana kwe-welding yezingxenye ezinama-cross welds
[I-Phenomena] Ezingxenyeni ezinama-cross welds, asikunaki ukuhlelwa okunengqondo kokulandelana kokushisela ngokuhlaziya ukukhululwa kwengcindezi yokushisela kanye nomthelela wokucindezeleka kokushisela ekuwohlokeni kwengxenye, kodwa sishisela ngokungahleliwe ngokuqondile nangokuvundlile. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-seams aqondile futhi avundlile azovinjelwa omunye nomunye, okuholela ekukhululweni Ukucindezeleka kokunciphisa izinga lokushisa kuzobangela ukuba ipuleti libe nokukhubazeka, lenze i-plate surface ingalingani, futhi ingabangela ukuqhekeka kwama-welds.
[Izinyathelo] Ezingxenyeni ezinama-weld awela, ukulandelana kwe-welding okufanele kuthuthukiswe. Uma kukhona ama-weld amaningi aqondile navundlile okufanele ashiselwe, ama-seams aguquguqukayo ane-deformation enkulu yokuncipha kufanele ashiselwe kuqala, bese kuba ama-longitudinal welds. Ngale ndlela, ama-welds aguquguqukayo ngeke avinjwe ama-weld we-longitudinal futhi ukucindezeleka kokunciphisa kwe-seams okuphambene kuzoncishiswa. Ukukhishwa ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa kunganciphisa ukuwohloka kokushisela futhi kuqinisekise ikhwalithi ye-weld, noma i-weld butt welds kuqala bese kuba i-fillet welds.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-01-2023
