Kuma-lathes wezomnotho we-CNC wamanje ezweni lethu, amamotho ajwayelekile ezigaba ezintathu asynchronous ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukufeza ukuguqulwa kwesivinini esingenasinyathelo ngokusebenzisa iziguquli zemvamisa. Uma kungekho ukwehla kwemishini, itorque yokuphuma kwe-spindle ngokuvamile ayanele ngesivinini esiphansi. Uma umthwalo wokusika umkhulu kakhulu, kulula ukuba yisicefe. Nokho, Amanye amathuluzi omshini anamagiya egiya axazulula le nkinga kahle kakhulu.
1. Ithonya lokushisa lokusika: isivinini sokusika, izinga lokudla, inani lokusika emuva;
Ithonya kumandla okusika: inani lokusika emuva, izinga lokudla, isivinini sokusika;
Umthelela ekuqineni kwethuluzi: isivinini sokusika, isilinganiso sokuphakelayo, inani lokuhlanganyela elibuyela emuva.
2. Uma inani lokusika emuva liphindwe kabili, amandla okusika aphindwe kabili;
Uma izinga lokudla liphindwe kabili, amandla okusika akhuphuka cishe ngo-70%;
Lapho ijubane lokusika liphindwe kabili, amandla okusika ayancipha kancane kancane;
Ngamanye amazwi, uma i-G99 isetshenziswa futhi isivinini sokusika siba sikhulu, amandla okusika ngeke ashintshe kakhulu.
3. Kungahlulelwa ngokusekelwe ekukhishweni kwezinsimbi zensimbi noma ngabe amandla okusika kanye nokushisa okusika kungaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile.
4. Lapho inani langempela elilinganisiwe ) U-R owukhiphile ungase uklwebhe lapho uqala khona.
5.Izinga lokushisa elimelelwa umbala wamafayili ensimbi:
Okumhlophe kungaphansi kwama-degree angu-200
Okuphuzi 220-240 degrees
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okumnyama okungu-290 degrees
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka 320-350 degrees
Umnyama onsomi mkhulu kuno-500 degrees
Okubomvu kungaphezu kuka-800 degrees
6.FUNAC OI mtc ngokuvamile ishintsha ngokuya kumyalo we-G:
I-G69: Khansela umyalo wesistimu yokuzungeza ye-G68
I-G21: Okokufaka kosayizi wemethrikhi
I-G25: Ukutholwa kokuguquguquka kwesivinini se-spindle kunqanyuliwe
I-G80: Ukukhanselwa komjikelezo ongashintshi
I-G54: Hlanganisa okuzenzakalelayo kwesistimu
I-G18: Ukukhetha indiza ye-ZX
I-G96 (G97): isilawuli sesivinini somugqa njalo
I-G99: Okuphakelayo ngenguquko ngayinye
I-G40: Ukukhanselwa kwesinxephezelo sekhala lethuluzi (G41 G42)
I-G22: Ukutholwa kohlangothi olugciniwe kuvuliwe
I-G67: Ikholi ye-modal yohlelo olukhulu ikhanseliwe
I-G64: Iwumyalo wemodi yendlela eqhubekayo ohlelweni lokuqala lwe-Siemens. Umsebenzi wayo uyindilinga oyindilinga ngokubekezelela i-axial. I-G64 iwumyalo wokuqala we-G642 yakamuva kanye ne-CYCLE832.
I-G13.1: Imodi yokuhumusha ye-Polar coordinate ikhanseliwe
7. Intambo yangaphandle ngokuvamile i-1.3P futhi intambo yangaphakathi ingu-1.08P.
8. Isivinini somucu S1200/uchungechunge *isici sokuphepha (ngokuvamile ngu-0.8).
9. Ifomula yesinxephezelo sethuluzi lethuluzi R: i-chamfering ukusuka phansi kuye phezulu: Z=R*(1-tan(a/2)) X=R(1-tan(a/2))*tan(a) From Just change i-chamfer ukusuka ku-minus kuye ku-plus lapho wehla naphezulu.
10. Njalo lapho okuphakelayo kukhula ngo-0.05, ijubane lokujikeleza liyancipha ngo-50-80 rpm. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwehlisa isivinini sokujikeleza kusho ukuthi ukugqoka kwethuluzi kunciphisa, futhi amandla okusika akhula kancane kancane, ngaleyo ndlela enze ukwanda kwamandla okusika kanye nezinga lokushisa ngenxa yokwanda kokuphakelayo. umthelela.
11. Umthelela wokusika isivinini namandla okusika ethuluzini ubalulekile. Amandla okusika ngokweqile yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi ithuluzi liwe.
Ubuhlobo phakathi kwejubane lokusika kanye namandla okusika: ngokushesha isivinini sokusika, ukudla kuhlala kungashintshi futhi amandla okusika ayancipha kancane kancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokushesha isivinini sokusika, ithuluzi ligqoka ngokushesha, okwenza amandla okusika abe mkhulu futhi abe mkhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa lizokwanda. Okuphakeme kakhulu, lapho amandla okusika nokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kukhulu kakhulu ukuze i-blade ikwazi ukumelana, i-blade izowa (yebo kukhona nezizathu ezifana nokucindezeleka okubangelwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa nokuncipha kokuqina).
12. Ngesikhathi sokucubungula i-CNC lathe, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kumaphuzu alandelayo:
(1) Njengamanje, izinsimbi ze-CNC zezomnotho ezweni lethu ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izinjini ezijwayelekile zezigaba ezintathu ze-asynchronous ukufeza ukuguqulwa kwesivinini esingenasinyathelo ngokusebenzisa iziguquli zefrikhwensi. Uma kungekho ukwehla kwemishini, itorque yokuphuma kwe-spindle ngokuvamile ayanele ngesivinini esiphansi. Uma umthwalo wokusika umkhulu kakhulu, kulula ukuba yisicefe. Nokho, amanye amathuluzi omshini afakwe amagiya okuxazulula le nkinga;
(2) Zama ukunika amandla ithuluzi ukuqedela ukucutshungulwa kwengxenye eyodwa noma ishifu eyodwa yomsebenzi. Naka ngokukhethekile ukuqedwa kwezingxenye ezinkulu ukuze ugweme izinguquko zamathuluzi phakathi nendawo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ithuluzi lingacutshungulwa ngesikhathi esisodwa;
(3) Lapho uphendula izintambo ngelathe ye-CNC, sebenzisa isivinini esikhulu ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uzuze ukukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokusebenza kahle;
(4) Sebenzisa i-G96 ngangokunokwenzeka;
(5) Umqondo oyisisekelo we-high-speed machining ukwenza okuphakelayo kudlule isivinini sokushisa ukushisa, ngaleyo ndlela kukhishwe ukushisa okusika ngama-chips ensimbi ukuze kuhlukaniswe ukushisa okusika ku-workpiece ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-workpiece ayishisi noma ishise. phezulu kancane. Ngakho-ke, umshini wejubane eliphezulu ukukhetha izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Qondanisa isivinini sokusika nokuphakelayo okuphezulu bese ukhetha inani elincane lokusika emuva;
(6) Naka isinxephezelo sethiphu yethuluzi R.
13. Ukudlidliza nokuwa kwethuluzi kuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuphenduka:
Isizathu esiyisisekelo sakho konke lokhu ukuthi amandla okusika ayanda futhi ukuqina kwethuluzi akwanele. Ubude besandiso samathuluzi bufushane, i-engeli yokusiza iba yincane, indawo yeblade inkulu, iqinile, namandla okusika makhulu, kodwa ububanzi bethuluzi le-groove Uma amandla okusika emakhulu, amandla okusika ayanda. ingamelana izokwanda ngokufanele, kodwa amandla ayo okusika nawo azokhula. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-groove cutter encane, amandla amancane angakwazi ukumelana nayo, kodwa amandla ayo okusika nawo azoba mancane.
14. Izizathu zokudlidliza ngesikhathi sokuphenduka kwe-lathe:
(1) Ubude besandiso bethuluzi bude kakhulu, okunciphisa ukuqina;
(2) Izinga lokuphakela lihamba kancane kakhulu, okuzokwenza ukuthi amandla okusika iyunithi akhule futhi kubangele ukudlidliza okukhulu. Ifomula ithi: P=F/back cut amount*f. U-P ungamandla okusika futhi u-F ungamandla okusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivinini sokujikeleza sishesha kakhulu. Ummese nawo uzovevezela;
(3) Ithuluzi lomshini aliqinile ngokwanele, okusho ukuthi ithuluzi lokusika lingakwazi ukumelana namandla okusika, kodwa ithuluzi lomshini alikwazi. Ukulibeka ngembaba, ithuluzi lomshini alinyakazi. Ngokuvamile, imibhede emisha ayinalo lolu hlobo lwenkinga. Imibhede enalolu hlobo lwenkinga midala kakhulu. Noma uvame ukuhlangana nababulali bamathuluzi omshini.
15. Lapho ngiqopha umkhiqizo, ngathola ukuthi izilinganiso zazilungile ekuqaleni, kodwa ngemva kwamahora ambalwa ngathola ukuthi izilinganiso zazishintshile futhi izilinganiso zazingazinzile. Isizathu kungenzeka ukuthi imimese yonke yayimisha ekuqaleni, ngakho amandla okusika ayephansi kakhulu. Ayinkulu kakhulu, kodwa ngemva kokuphenduka isikhathi esithile, ithuluzi liyaguga futhi amandla okusika ayanda, okwenza ucezu lokusebenza lugudluke ku-chuck, ngakho-ke ubukhulu buvama ukucisha futhi abuzinzile.
16. Uma usebenzisa i-G71, amanani we-P no-Q awakwazi ukudlula inombolo yokulandelana yalo lonke uhlelo, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzovela i-alamu: Ifomethi yomyalo we-G71-G73 ayilungile, okungenani ku-FUANC.
17. Kunamafomethi amabili we-subroutines ohlelweni lwe-FANUC:
(1) Izinombolo ezintathu zokuqala zika-P000 0000 zibhekisela enanini lemijikelezo, futhi izinombolo ezine zokugcina ziyinombolo yohlelo;
(2) Izinombolo ezine zokuqala zika-P0000L000 ziyinombolo yohlelo, futhi izinombolo ezintathu ngemva kuka-L ziyinombolo yemijikelezo.
18. Uma iphoyinti lokuqala le-arc lihlala lingashintshiwe futhi indawo yokugcina isuswa ngo-mm esiqondisweni esingu-Z, indawo yobubanzi obuphansi be-arc izosuswa ngo-a/2.
19. Lapho umba izimbobo ezijulile, i-drill bit ayigayi i-groove yokusika ukuze kube lula ukukhishwa kwe-chip nge-drill bit.
20. Uma usebenzisa isibambi samathuluzi ukubhoboza izimbobo zokusebenzisa, ungazungezisa ibhithi lokubhoboza ukuze ushintshe ububanzi bembobo.
21. Uma ubhoboza izimbobo zesikhungo sensimbi engagqwali noma izimbobo zensimbi engagqwali, indawo ephakathi nendawo yokubhoboza noma i-centre drill kumele ibe mncane, kungenjalo ngeke ibhojwe. Uma ubhoboza izimbobo nge-cobalt drill, ungagayi i-groove ukuze ugweme ukuhoxiswa kwe-drill bit phakathi nenqubo yokubhoboza.
22. Ngokwenqubo, ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokusika: ukusika ucezu olulodwa, ukusika izingcezu ezimbili, nokusika yonke ibha.
23. Uma i-ellipse ibonakala ngesikhathi sokuxhuma, kungenzeka ukuthi impahla ikhululekile. Vele usebenzise ummese wamazinyo ukuze uwuhlanze izikhathi ezimbalwa.
24. Kwezinye izinhlelo ezingafaka izinhlelo ezinkulu, izinhlelo ezinkulu zingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-subroutine loops. Lokhu kungagcina izinombolo zohlelo futhi kugweme izinkinga eziningi.
25. Uma usebenzisa i-drill bit ukuze uvuselele imbobo, kodwa imbobo ine-runoout enkulu, ungasebenzisa i-drill-bottom drill ukuze uvuselele umgodi, kodwa i-twist drill kufanele ibe mfushane ukwandisa ukuqina.
26. Uma usebenzisa ngqo i-drill bit ukuze ubhoboze izimbobo emshinini wokubhoboza, ububanzi bembobo bungase buphambuke. Kodwa-ke, uma unweba imbobo emshinini wokumba, ubukhulu ngeke bushintshe. Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa i-drill bit engu-10MM ukuze unwebe imbobo emshinini wokumba, ububanzi bembobo obunwetshiwe ngokuvamile buzofana. Ukubekezelelana kuzungeze izintambo ezi-3.
27. Uma uqopha izimbobo ezincane (ngemigodi), zama ukugoqa ama-chips ngokuqhubekayo bese uwakhipha emsileni. Amaphuzu abalulekile okugoqa ama-chips: 1. Indawo yommese kufanele ibe phezulu ngokufanelekile. 2. I-angle yokuthambekela kwe-blade efanele kanye nenani lokusika. Kanye nezinga lokuphakelayo, khumbula ukuthi ummese awukwazi ukuba phansi kakhulu uma kungenjalo kuzoba lula ukuphula ama-chips. Uma i-engeli yesibili yokuchezuka yommese inkulu, ama-chips ngeke abhajwe kubha yamathuluzi ngisho noma ama-chips ephukile. Uma i-engeli yesibili yokuchezuka incane kakhulu, ama-chips azobhajwa ethuluzini ngemuva kokuthi ama-chip ephukile. Isigxobo sivame ukuba sengozini.
28. Uma isibambi sethuluzi siba sikhulu embobeni, mancane amathuba okuba ithuluzi lidlidlize. Ungakwazi futhi ukubopha ibhande lenjoloba eliqinile kusibambi samathuluzi, ngoba ibhande lenjoloba eliqinile lingakwazi ukudonsa ukudlidliza ngezinga elithile.
29. Lapho uphendula izimbobo zethusi, ithiphu engu-R yommese ingaba nkulu ngokufanelekile (R0.4-R0.8). Ikakhulukazi lapho uphendulela i-taper, izingxenye zensimbi zingase zibe kahle, kodwa izingxenye zethusi zizobambeka.
Isikhungo somshini, isinxephezelo sethuluzi lomshini wokugaya we-CNC
Ezinhlelweni ze-CNC zezikhungo zomshini kanye nemishini yokugaya ye-CNC, imisebenzi yesinxephezelo sethuluzi ihlanganisa isinxephezelo serediyasi yamathuluzi, isinxephezelo se-engeli, isinxephezelo sobude neminye imisebenzi yesinxephezelo samathuluzi.
(1) Isinxephezelo serediyasi yethuluzi (G41, G42, G40) Inani lerediyasi yethuluzi ligcinwa kumemori HXX kusengaphambili, lapho u-XX kuyinombolo yenkumbulo. Ngemva kokwenza isinxephezelo serediyasi yamathuluzi, isistimu ye-CNC ibala ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi yenze ithuluzi linxephezele ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuya ngemiphumela yokubala. Isinxephezelo se-Tool kwesokunxele serediyasi (G41) sisho ukuthi ithuluzi lichezukela kwesokunxele lapho kuqondiswa khona umzila womshini ohleliwe (njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1), futhi isinxephezelo serediyasi yethuluzi kwesokudla (G42) sisho ukuthi ithuluzi lichezukela kwesokudla isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwendlela yokwenza imishini ehleliwe. Sebenzisa i-G40 ukuze ukhansele isinxephezelo serediyasi yamathuluzi, kanye ne-H00 ukuze ukhansele isinxephezelo serediyasi yamathuluzi.
Isikhumbuzi sokuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe be-CNC: Sicela unake ngesikhathi usebenzisa: lapho usungula noma ukhansela isinxephezelo samathuluzi, okungukuthi, ingxenye yohlelo isebenzisa imiyalelo ye-G41, G42, ne-G40 kufanele isebenzise imiyalelo ye-G00 noma ye-G01, futhi i-G02 noma i-G03 akumele isetshenziswe. Uma isinxephezelo serediyasi yethuluzi sithatha inani elingalungile, Imisebenzi ye-G41 ne-G42 iyashintsheka.
Amathuluzi e-Xinfa CNC anezici zekhwalithi enhle nenani eliphansi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane, sicela uvakashele:
Abakhiqizi Bamathuluzi E-CNC - Imboni Yamathuluzi Yase-China CNC Nabahlinzeki (xinfatools.com)
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zesinxephezelo zesinxephezelo serediyasi yamathuluzi: umsebenzi ongu-B nomsebenzi ka-C. Njengoba isinxephezelo serediyasi yethuluzi lokusebenza elingu-B senza izibalo zesinxephezelo sethuluzi kuphela ngokusekelwe kulesi sigaba sohlelo, asikwazi ukuxazulula inkinga yoshintsho phakathi kwezigaba zohlelo futhi sidinga ukuthi ikhontayutha yocezu lokusebenza lucutshungulwe ibe inguquko eyindilinga. Ngakho-ke, amakhona abukhali we-workpiece anokucutshungulwa okubi, kanye nesinxephezelo serediyasi yethuluzi lomsebenzi C Isinxephezelo singakwazi ukusingatha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukudluliswa kwe-trajectory yesikhungo samathuluzi sezingxenye ezimbili zohlelo, futhi singahlelwa ngokuphelele ngokuya ngekhonta ye-workpiece. Ngakho-ke, cishe wonke amathuluzi omshini wesimanje we-CNC asebenzisa isinxephezelo serediyasi yethuluzi lokusebenza C. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuthi amabhulokhi amabili alandelayo ebhulokhi yesinxephezelo serediyasi yethuluzi kufanele abe nemiyalelo yokufuduka (G00, G01, G02, G03, njll.) ecacisa indiza yesinxephezelo, ngaphandle kwalokho isinxephezelo sethuluzi esilungile asinakusungulwa.
(2) Isinxephezelo se-engeli (G39) Uma izindiza ezimbili ziphambana nge-engeli ehlanganisiwe, ukuhamba kakhulu nokusika ngokweqile kungase kwenzeke, okuholela emaphutheni omshini. I-Angle compensation (G39) ingasetshenziswa ukuxazulula le nkinga. Uma usebenzisa umyalo we-engeli compensation (G39), sicela uqaphele ukuthi lo myalo awuyona i-modal futhi usebenza kuphela ngaphakathi kwebhulokhi yomyalo. Ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngemva kwemiyalo ye-G41 ne-G42.
(3) I-offset yobude bethuluzi (G43, G44, G49) Umyalo wobude bethuluzi (G43, G44) ungasetshenziswa ukunxephezela izinguquko kubude bamathuluzi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngaphandle kokushintsha uhlelo. Inani lesinxephezelo ligcinwa kumemori eyalwe yikhodi H. I-G43 isho ukwengezwa kwenani lesinxephezelo kumemori kanye nenani lephoyinti lokugcina eliqondiswe uhlelo, futhi i-G44 isho ukususa. Ukukhansela ubude bethuluzi, ungasebenzisa umyalo we-G49 noma umyalo we-H00. Ingxenye yohlelo i-N80 G43 Z56 H05 iphakathi. Uma inani kumemori engu-05 lingu-16, kusho ukuthi inani lokuxhumanisa iphuzu lokugcina lingu-72mm.
Inani lenani lesinxephezelo kumemori lingagcinwa kumemori kusenesikhathi kusetshenziswa i-MDI noma i-DPL, noma umyalo wengxenye yohlelo G10 P05 R16.0 ungasetshenziswa ukukhombisa ukuthi inani lesinxephezelo kwimemori No. 05 lingu-16mm.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-06-2023
