1. Uhlolojikelele lwensimbi ye-cryogenic
1) Izidingo zobuchwepheshe zensimbi esezingeni eliphansi ngokuvamile ziyi: amandla anele kanye nokuqina okwanele endaweni enezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukusebenza kahle kwe-welding, ukusebenza kokucubungula nokumelana nokugqwala, njll. Phakathi kwazo, ukuqina kokushisa okuphansi, okungukuthi, ikhono. ukuvimbela ukwenzeka kanye nokwandiswa kokuphuka kwe-brittle ekushiseni okuphansi kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, amazwe ngokuvamile asho inani elithile lokuqina komthelela ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu.
2) Phakathi kwezingxenye zensimbi enezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ngokuvamile kunenkolelo yokuthi izakhi ezifana nekhabhoni, i-silicon, i-phosphorus, isulfure, ne-nitrogen ziwohloka ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, futhi i-phosphorus iyingozi kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-dephosphorization yangaphambi kwesikhathi ephansi kufanele ibe namandla. kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuncibilika. Izinto ezifana ne-manganese ne-nickel zingathuthukisa ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Kukho konke ukukhuphuka ngo-1% kokuqukethwe kwe-nickel, izinga lokushisa elibucayi le-brittle lingancishiswa cishe ngo-20°C.
3) Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa inethonya elibalulekile esakhiweni se-metallographic kanye nosayizi wokusanhlamvu wensimbi yezinga lokushisa eliphansi, eliphinde lithinte ukuqina kwensimbi yezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokucisha nokushisa, ukuqina kokushisa okuphansi kuyathuthukiswa ngokusobala.
I-4) Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokwenza ukushisa, insimbi enezinga lokushisa eliphansi ingahlukaniswa ngensimbi eyinsimbi nensimbi egoqiwe. Ngokomehluko wokwakheka kanye nesakhiwo se-metallographic, izinga lokushisa eliphansi insimbi ingahlukaniswa: insimbi ephansi ye-alloy, insimbi engu-6% ye-nickel, insimbi engu-9% ye-nickel, i-chromium-manganese noma i-chromium-manganese-nickel austenitic steel ne-chromium-nickel austenitic steel stainless. linda. Insimbi enengxubevange ephansi ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ebangeni lokushisa elingaba ngu-100°C ukuze kukhiqizwe impahla yesiqandisi, izinto zokuhamba, amagumbi okugcina ama-vinyl kanye nemishini ye-petrochemical. E-United States, e-United Kingdom, e-Japan nakwamanye amazwe, insimbi engu-9% ye-nickel isetshenziswa kabanzi ezakhiweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi ku-196°C, njengamathangi okugcina okugcina nokuthutha ama-biogas ane-liquefied ne-methane, amathuluzi okugcina umoya-mpilo owuketshezi. , kanye nokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo owuketshezi kanye ne-nitrogen eyi-liquid. Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic iyinto enhle kakhulu yesakhiwo sezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Inokuqina okuhle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukusebenza kahle kwe-welding, kanye ne-thermal conductivity ephansi. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphansi, njengamathangi okuthutha kanye namathangi okugcina i-hydrogen ewuketshezi nomoya-mpilo owuketshezi. Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi iqukethe i-chromium ne-nickel eningi, kubiza kakhulu.
2. Uhlolojikelele lokushisa okuphansi kwensimbi yokwakhiwa kwe-welding
Uma ukhetha indlela yokwakhiwa kwe-welding kanye nezimo zokwakha zensimbi ephansi, ukugxila kwenkinga kunezici ezimbili ezilandelayo: ukuvimbela ukuwohloka kokuqina okuphansi kokushisa okuhlangene okuhlanganisiwe nokuvimbela ukuvela kwemifantu ye-welding.
1) Ukucubungula kwe-bevel
Ifomu le-groove lamajoyinti ashiselwe ensimbi enezinga lokushisa eliphansi alihlukile ngokomthetho kulelo lensimbi yensimbi evamile, insimbi ye-alloy ephansi noma insimbi engagqwali, futhi ingaphathwa njengokujwayelekile. Kodwa ku-9Ni Gang, i-angle yokuvula ye-groove kungcono ingabi ngaphansi kwama-degrees angu-70, futhi umkhawulo ongenalutho kungcono ungabi ngaphansi kuka-3mm.
Zonke izinsimbi zokushisa eziphansi zingasikwa ngethoshi ye-oxyacetylene. Ukuthi nje isivinini sokusika sihamba kancane uma igesi isika i-9Ni steel kunalapho igesi isika insimbi evamile yesakhiwo sekhabhoni. Uma ubukhulu bensimbi budlula i-100mm, umkhawulo wokusika ungashiswa ku-150-200 ° C ngaphambi kokusika igesi, kodwa ungabi ngaphezu kuka-200 ° C.
Ukusika igesi akunayo imiphumela emibi ezindaweni ezithintekayo ukushisa kwe-welding. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezakhiwo zokuziqinisa zensimbi ene-nickel, indawo enqunyiwe izoba lukhuni. Ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okwanelisayo kwejoyinti elishiselwe, kungcono ukusebenzisa isondo lokugaya ukuze ugaye ingaphezulu lendawo yokusika ihlanzekile ngaphambi kokushisela.
I-arc gouging ingasetshenziswa uma ubuhlalu obushiselayo noma isisekelo sensimbi kuzosuswa ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kokushisela. Kodwa-ke, ingaphezulu lenotshi kusafanele lifakwe inhlabathi lihlanzekile ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo kabusha.
I-Oxyacetylene flame gouging akufanele isetshenziswe ngenxa yengozi yokushisa ngokweqile kwensimbi.
2) Ukukhetha indlela yokushisela
Izindlela zokushisela ezijwayelekile ezitholakalayo ngensimbi esezingeni eliphansi zifaka i-arc welding, i-arc welding engaphansi kwamanzi, kanye ne-molten electrode argon welding.
I-arc welding iyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yensimbi yokushisa ephansi, futhi ingashiselwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokushisela. Ukufakwa kokushisa kwe-welding kumayelana ne-18-30KJ/cm. Uma kusetshenziswa i-electrode yohlobo oluphansi lwe-hydrogen, i-welded ehlangene ngokuphelele ingatholakala. Akuzona kuphela izakhiwo zemishini ezinhle, kodwa nokuqina kwe-notch nakho kuhle impela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini we-arc welding ulula futhi ushibhile, futhi ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini kuncane, futhi akuthintwa isikhundla nesiqondiso. izinzuzo ezifana nokulinganiselwa.
Ukufakwa kokushisa kwe-arc welding engaphansi kwensimbi yokushisa okuphansi kumayelana ne-10-22KJ/cm. Ngenxa yemishini yayo elula, ukusebenza kahle kwe-welding nokusebenza okulula, isetshenziswa kabanzi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomphumela wokushisa ukushisa we-flux, izinga lokupholisa lizokwehliswa, ngakho-ke kukhona ukuthambekela okukhulu kokukhiqiza imifantu eshisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungcola kanye no-Si kungase kuvame ukungena ensimbi ye-weld kusukela ku-flux, okuzoqhubekisela phambili ukukhuthaza lokhu kuthambekela. Ngakho-ke, Uma usebenzisa i-arc welding engaphansi kwamanzi, naka ukukhethwa kwentambo yokushisela kanye ne-flux futhi usebenze ngokucophelela.
Amajoyinti ashiselwe igesi evikelwe ngegesi ye-CO2 anokuqina okuphansi, ngakho awasetshenziswa ekushiseleleni insimbi yezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
I-Tungsten argon arc welding (i-TIG welding) ijwayele ukwenziwa ngesandla, futhi okokufaka kwayo kokushisa kwe-welding kunqunyelwe ku-9-15KJ/cm. Ngakho-ke, nakuba amalunga ahlanganisiwe anezakhiwo ezanelisa ngokuphelele, awafaneleki ngokuphelele lapho ubukhulu bensimbi budlula u-12mm.
I-MIG welding iyindlela yokushisela esetshenziswa kakhulu ezenzakalelayo noma e-semi-automatic ekushiseni okuphansi kwensimbi. Okokufaka kwayo kokushisa kwe-welding kungu-23-40KJ/cm. Ngokwendlela yokudlulisa i-droplet, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu: inqubo yokudlulisa isiyingi esifushane (ukufakwa kokushisa okuphansi), inqubo yokudlulisa i-jet (ukufaka ukushisa okuphezulu) kanye nenqubo yokudlulisa i-pulse jet (ukufaka ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu). Ukushisela i-MIG ye-Short-circuit Transition kunenkinga yokungena okwanele, futhi iphutha lokuhlanganisa okungalungile lingenzeka. Izinkinga ezifanayo zikhona ngokunye ukuguquguquka kwe-MIG, kodwa ngezinga elihlukile. Ukuze wenze i-arc igxile kakhulu ukuze kuzuzwe ukungena okwanelisayo, amaphesenti amaningana kuya kwamashumi amaphesenti e-CO2 noma i-O2 angangenwa ku-argon ehlanzekile njengegesi evikelayo. Amaphesenti afanelekile azonqunywa ngokuhlola insimbi ethile eshiselwayo.
3) Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokushisela
Izinto zokushisela (okuhlanganisa induku yokushisela, izintambo zokushisela kanye ne-flux, njll.) kufanele ngokuvamile zisekelwe endleleni yokushisela esetshenzisiwe. Ifomu elihlangene kanye nokuma kwe-groove nezinye izici ezidingekayo ongakhetha kuzo. Ngensimbi enezinga lokushisa eliphansi, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyinake ukwenza insimbi ye-weld ibe nokuqina okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa okwanele ukufanisa isisekelo sensimbi, futhi unciphise okuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen e-diffusable kuyo.
I-Xinfa welding inekhwalithi enhle kakhulu nokuqina okuqinile, ukuze uthole imininingwane, sicela uhlole:https://www.xinfatools.com/welding-cutting/
(1) Insimbi ye-Aluminium deoxidized
Insimbi ye-Aluminium deoxidized iyizinga lensimbi elizwela kakhulu ethonyeni lezinga lokupholisa ngemva kokushisela. Ama-electrode amaningi asetshenziswa ekushiseleleni i-arc manual yensimbi ekhishwe yi-aluminium deoxidized ama-electrode e-Si-Mn low-hydrogen noma 1.5% Ni kanye no-2.0% ama-electrode e-Ni.
Ukuze kuncishiswe okokufaka kokushisa okushiselayo, insimbi ye-aluminium deoxidized ngokuvamile isebenzisa kuphela i-welding enezingqimba eziningi nama-electrode azacile angu-≤¢3~3.2mm, ukuze umjikelezo wokushisa wesibili wongqimba olungaphezulu lwe-weld usetshenziselwe ukucwenga okusanhlamvu.
Ukuqina komthelela kwensimbi yokushisela eshiselwe nge-electrode yochungechunge lwe-Si-Mn kuzokwehla kakhulu ku-50℃ ngokwanda kokufaka ukushisa. Isibonelo, uma okokufaka kokushisa kukhuphuka kusuka ku-18KJ/cm kuya ku-30KJ/cm, ukuqina kuzolahlekelwa okungaphezu kuka-60%. 1.5%Ni uchungechunge kanye 2.5%Ni uchungechunge ama-electrode welding awazwelani kakhulu nalokhu, ngakho-ke kungcono kakhulu ukukhetha lolu hlobo electrode ukushisela.
I-arc welding engaphansi kwamanzi iyindlela evamile yokushisela okuzenzakalelayo yensimbi ye-aluminium deoxidized. Intambo yokushisela esetshenziswa ekushiseleni i-arc engaphansi kwamanzi kungcono uhlobo oluqukethe u-1.5~3.5% we-nickel kanye no-0.5~1.0% we-molybdenum.
Ngokusho kwezincwadi, ngocingo lokushisela elingu-2.5%Ni—0.8%Cr—0.5%Mo noma u-2%Ni, oluhambisana nokugeleza okufanele, isilinganiso sokuqina kwe-Charpy value yensimbi yokushisela ku-55°C singafinyelela ku-56-70J (5.7 ~7.1Kgf.m). Ngisho nalapho kusetshenziswa intambo yokushisela engu-0.5% ye-Mo kanye ne-manganese alloy basic flux, inqobo nje uma okokufaka okushisa kulawulwa ngaphansi kuka-26KJ/cm, insimbi yokushisela ene-ν∑-55=55J (5.6Kgf.m) isengakhiqizwa.
Lapho ukhetha i-flux, kufanele kuqashelwe ukufanisa i-Si ne-Mn ensimbi yokushisela. Ubufakazi bokuhlola. Okuqukethwe okuhlukile kuka-Si no-Mn kunsimbi yokushisela kuzoshintsha kakhulu inani lokuqina lika-Charpy. Okuqukethwe kuka-Si no-Mn okunenani elingcono kakhulu lokuqina ngu-0.1~0.2%Si kanye no-0.7~1.1%Mn. Lapho ukhetha i-welding wire futhi Qaphela lokhu lapho u-soldering.
I-Tungsten argon arc welding kanye nensimbi ye-argon arc welding akusetshenziswa kancane ensimbi ye-aluminium deoxidized. Izintambo zokushisela ezingenhla zokushisela i-arc ezingaphansi kwamanzi zingasetshenziselwa ukushisela i-argon arc.
(2) 2.5Ni insimbi kanye ne-3.5Ni
I-arc welding engaphansi kwamanzi noma i-MIG yensimbi engu-2.5Ni kanye nensimbi engu-3.5Ni ngokuvamile ingashiselwa ngentambo efanayo yokushisela njengento eyisisekelo. Kodwa njengoba nje ifomula ye-Wilkinson (5) ibonisa, i-Mn iyisici se-hot cracking inhibitor yensimbi ye-low-nickel low-temperature. Ukugcina okuqukethwe kwe-manganese kunsimbi yokushisela cishe ku-1.2% kunenzuzo kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka okushisayo okufana nokuqhekeka kwe-arc crater. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa inhlanganisela ye-welding wire kanye ne-flux.
I-3.5Ni steel ivamise ukuthukuthela futhi i-embrittled, ngakho-ke ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa kwangemva kokushisela (isibonelo, ihora elingu-620°C×1, bese kuba nokupholisa kwesithando somlilo) ukuze kuqedwe ingcindezi esele, i-ν∑-100 izokwehla kakhulu ukusuka ku-3.8 Kgf.m I-2.1Kgf.m ngeke isakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko. Insimbi yokushisela eyakhiwe ngokushisela ngentambo yokushisela engu-4.5%Ni-0.2%Mo yochungechunge inokuthambekela okuncane kakhulu kokuthukuthela. Ukusebenzisa lolu cingo lokushisela kungagwema ubunzima obungenhla.
(3) 9Ni insimbi
I-9Ni steel ivamise ukuphathwa ngokushisa ngokucisha kanye nokushisa noma ukujwayela nokufutheka kabili ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina kwayo kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Kodwa insimbi yokushisela yale nsimbi ayikwazi ukuphathwa ngokushisa njengenhla. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuthola insimbi ye-weld enokuqina okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa okuqhathaniswa nalokho kwensimbi eyisisekelo uma kusetshenziswa izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokushisela ezisekelwe ensimbi. Njengamanje, izinto zokushisela eziphezulu ze-nickel zisetshenziswa kakhulu. Ama-welds afakwe ngezinto ezinjalo zokushisela azoba yi-austenitic ngokuphelele. Nakuba inobubi bamandla aphansi kunesisekelo sensimbi ye-9Ni kanye namanani abiza kakhulu, ukuphuka kwe-brittle akuseyona inkinga enkulu kuyo.
Kusukela kulokhu okungenhla, kungaziwa ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi insimbi ye-weld i-austenitic ngokuphelele, ukushisa okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa kwensimbi ye-weld esetshenziselwa ukushisela ngama-electrode nezintambo kuqhathaniswa ngokuphelele nesisekelo sensimbi, kodwa amandla aqinile kanye nephuzu lokukhiqiza kukhona. ngaphansi kwesisekelo sensimbi. Insimbi ene-nickel iyazenza lukhuni, ngakho-ke ama-electrode amaningi nezintambo zinaka ukukhawulela okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ukuze kuzuzwe ukushisela okuhle.
I-Mo iyisici esibalulekile sokuqinisa izinto zokushisela, kuyilapho i-Nb, i-Ta, i-Ti kanye ne-W izakhi ezibalulekile eziqinisayo, ezinikezwe ukunakwa okuphelele ekukhethweni kwezinto zokushisela.
Uma i-welding wire efanayo isetshenziselwa ukushisela, amandla nokuqina kwensimbi yokushisela ye-arc welding engaphansi kwamanzi kubi kakhulu kunaleyo ye-MIG welding, okungenzeka kubangelwe ukwehla kwezinga lokupholisa i-weld kanye nokungenwa kokungcola okungenzeka noma i-Si. kusuka ku-flux.
3. A333-GR6 izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokushisela ipayipi lensimbi
1) Ukuhlaziywa kokushisela kwensimbi ye-A333-GR6
Insimbi ye-A333–GR6 ingeyensimbi enezinga lokushisa eliphansi, izinga lokushisa elincane lesevisi ngu--70 ℃, futhi ngokuvamile inikezwa esimweni esijwayelekile noma esijwayelekile nesipholile. Insimbi ye-A333-GR6 inokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephansi, ngakho-ke ukuthambekela kokuqina kanye nokuthambekela kokuqhekeka okubandayo kuncane uma kuqhathaniswa, okokusebenza kunokuqina okuhle nokuqina kwepulasitiki, ngokuvamile akulula ukukhiqiza amaphutha okuqina nokuqhekeka, futhi inokushisela okuhle. I-ER80S-Ni1 i-argon arc welding wire ingasetshenziswa Nge-W707Ni electrode, sebenzisa i-argon-electric joint welding, noma usebenzise i-ER80S-Ni1 i-argon arc welding wire, futhi usebenzise i-argon arc welding egcwele ukuze uqinisekise ukuqina okuhle kwamajoyinti ashiselwe. I-brand ye-argon arc welding wire kanye ne-electrode nayo ingakhetha imikhiqizo esebenza ngendlela efanayo, kodwa ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngemvume yomnikazi.
2) Inqubo Welding
Ukuze uthole izindlela ezinemininingwane zenqubo yokushisela, sicela ubheke incwadi yemiyalo yenqubo yokushisela noma i-WPS. Ngesikhathi sokushisela, i-I-type butt joint kanye ne-argon arc welding egcwele yamukelwa ngamapayipi anobubanzi obungaphansi kuka-76.2 mm; amapayipi anobubanzi obukhulu kunama-76.2 mm, ama-grooves anesimo se-V ayenziwa, futhi indlela yokuhlanganiswa kwe-argon-electric welding nge-argon arc priming kanye nokugcwaliswa kwe-multi-layer isetshenziswa noma Indlela ye-argon arc welding egcwele. Indlela ethize iwukukhetha indlela yokushisela ehambisanayo ngokomehluko wobubanzi bepayipi nokuqina kodonga lwepayipi ku-WPS egunyazwe umnikazi.
3) Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa
(1) Ukushisa ngaphambi kokushisela
Uma izinga lokushisa le-ambient lingaphansi kuka-5 ° C, i-weldment idinga ukushiswa, futhi izinga lokushisa langaphambi kokushisa lingu-100-150 ° C; i-preheating range yi-100 mm ezinhlangothini zombili ze-weld; Ishiswa ngelangabi le-oxyacetylene (ilangabi elingathathi hlangothi), futhi izinga lokushisa liyalinganiswa Ipeni likala izinga lokushisa ebangeni elingama-50-100 mm ukusuka enkabeni ye-weld, futhi amaphuzu okulinganisa okushisa asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ukuze kulawulwe kangcono izinga lokushisa. .
(2) Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-post-weld
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kwenotshi yensimbi enezinga lokushisa eliphansi, izinto ezisetshenziswa ngokuvamile ziye zacinywa futhi zaqiniswa. Ukwelashwa okungalungile kokushisa kwangemuva kwe-weld kuvame ukuwohloka ukusebenza kwawo okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa, okufanele kunakwe ngokwanele. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kwemibandela yobukhulu obukhulu be-weldment noma izimo ezinzima kakhulu zokuvimbela, ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-post-weld ngokuvamile akukwenziwa ngensimbi ephansi yokushisa. Isibonelo, ukushiselwa kwamapayipi amasha e-LPG ku-CSPC akudingi ukwelashwa kokushisa kwangemuva kokushisela. Uma ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-post-weld kuyadingeka ngempela kwamanye amaphrojekthi, izinga lokushisa, isikhathi sokushisa esingashintshi kanye nezinga lokupholisa lokwelashwa kokushisa kwangemva kokushisela kufanele kuhambisane ngokuqinile nemithethonqubo elandelayo:
Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-400 ℃, izinga lokushisa akufanele lidlule ku-205 × 25/δ ℃/h, futhi akufanele lidlule ku-330 ℃/h. Isikhathi sokushisa esingaguquki kufanele sibe ihora elingu-1 ngakunye ukujiya kodonga lwama-25 mm, futhi kungabi ngaphansi kwemizuzu eyi-15. Phakathi nenkathi yokushisa engashintshi, umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu neliphansi kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-65 ℃.
Ngemuva kwezinga lokushisa elingashintshi, izinga lokupholisa akufanele libe likhulu kuno-65 × 25/δ ℃/h, futhi akufanele libe likhulu kuno-260 ℃/h. Ukupholisa kwemvelo kuvunyelwe ngaphansi kuka-400 ℃. Imishini yokwelapha ukushisa yohlobo lwe-TS-1 elawulwa yikhompyutha.
4) Izinyathelo zokuqapha
(1) Shisisa ngokuqinile ngokwemithethonqubo, futhi ulawule izinga lokushisa le-interlayer, futhi izinga lokushisa le-interlayer lilawulwa ku-100-200 ℃. Umthungo ngamunye wokushisela uzoshiselwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi uma uphazamiseka, izinyathelo zokupholisa kancane zizothathwa.
(2) Ubuso be-weldment bunqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuklwejwa yi-arc. I-arc crater kufanele igcwaliswe futhi amaphutha kufanele agaywe ngesondo lokugaya lapho i-arc ivaliwe. Amalunga phakathi kwezendlalelo ze-multi-layer welding kufanele anyakaze.
(3) Lawula ngokuqinile amandla kalayini, sebenzisa i-current encane, i-voltage ephansi, kanye nokushisela okusheshayo. Ubude bokushisela be-electrode ye-W707Ni ngayinye enobubanzi obungu-3.2 mm kumele bube bukhulu kuno-8 cm.
(4) Imodi yokusebenza ye-arc emfushane futhi akukho swingi okufanele yamukelwe.
(5) Inqubo egcwele yokungena kufanele yamukelwe, futhi kufanele yenziwe ngokuhambisana ngokuqinile nezidingo zokucaciswa kwenqubo yokushisela kanye nekhadi lenqubo yokushisela.
(6) Ukuqiniswa kwe-weld kungu-0 ~ 2mm, futhi ububanzi bohlangothi ngalunye lwe-weld ≤ 2mm.
(7) Ukuhlolwa okungonakali kungenziwa okungenani amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuhlolwa okubonakalayo kwe-weld. Ukushisela kwezinqenqema zamapayipi kuzoba ngaphansi kwe-JB 4730-94.
(8) “Imikhumbi Yokucindezela: Ukuhlolwa Okungonakali Kwemikhumbi Yokucindezela” okujwayelekile, Isigaba II esifanelekayo.
(9) Ukulungiswa kwe-weld kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-post-weld. Uma ukulungiswa kuyadingeka ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa, i-weld kufanele iphinde ishiswe ngemva kokulungiswa.
(10) Uma ubukhulu bejiyomethri bendawo yokushisela idlula izinga, ukugaya kuvunyelwe, futhi ukushuba ngemva kokugaya akumele kube ngaphansi kwemfuneko yokuklama.
(11) Ngokukhubazeka okujwayelekile kwe-welding, ukulungiswa okubili kuvunyelwe. Uma ukulungiswa okubili kungakafaneleki, i-weld kufanele inqunywe futhi iphinde ihlanganiswe ngokuvumelana nenqubo ephelele yokushisela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-21-2023
