Emkhiqizweni wezimboni, ezinye izinto ezisebenza ngokuqhubekayo ziyavuza ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Okufana namapayipi, amavalvu, iziqukathi, njll. Ukukhiqizwa kwalokhu kuvuza kuthinta ukuzinza kokukhiqizwa okuvamile kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo, futhi kungcolisa imvelo yokukhiqiza, kubangele imfucuza engadingekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokuvuza kweminye imidiya efana negesi enobuthi namafutha, kuzophinde kubangele umonakalo omkhulu ekukhiqizeni okuphephile nendawo ezungezile.
Isibonelo, ukuqhuma kwepayipi likawoyela i-Qingdao Huangdao ngoNovemba 22, 2013 kanye nokuqhuma kwempahla eyingozi ye-Tianjin Binhai New Area ngomhla ka-2 Agasti 2015 kwadala ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwempilo nempahla ezweni nakubantu. Izimbangela zalezi zingozi zonke zidalwa ukuvuza okuphakathi.
Ngakho-ke, ukuvuza kweminye imikhiqizo yezimboni ngeke kushaywe indiva futhi kumele kubhekwane nakho kusenesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, kuphinde kube yinkinga yezobuchwepheshe indlela yokulungisa ukuvuza kwemishini engaphansi kwengcindezi futhi equkethe izinto ezivuthayo neziqhumayo noma imidiya yamakhemikhali anobuthi.
Ukuxhunywa kwemishini ngomfutho, uwoyela noma izinto ezinobuthi kuwukushisela okukhethekile ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezingavamile. Ihlukile ekucacisweni kwe-welding evamile futhi igcizelela ukuphepha ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Izinyathelo zokwakha zokuphepha zokuvikela izingozi kufanele zenziwe ngaphambi kokushiselwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha komuntu siqu kwendawo yokusebenza, abashiseli nabanye abasebenzi. Ama-welders kufanele abe nolwazi futhi abe nekhono. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kube nonjiniyela bokushisela abanolwazi olucebile lobuchwepheshe ukuze banikeze isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe ekusebenzeni okuhlukahlukene okuphephile.
Isibonelo, ngohlobo oluthile lwethangi likaphethiloli, kuyadingeka ukwazi umthamo, indawo yokuthungela, ingcindezi, njll. kawoyela ngaphakathi, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho kulimala komuntu siqu noma izingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha ezizobangelwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela. ngaphambi kokwakhiwa nokusebenza.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwe-welding, amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele enziwe:
Okokuqala, ukukhululeka kwengcindezi ephephile. Ngaphambi kokushisela ukuxhuma ukuvuza, kufanele kunqunywe ukuthi ingcindezi yezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezishiselwe izoba yini ukulimala komuntu siqu. Noma ngaphansi kwethonya lomthombo wokushisa we-welding, imishini inesiteshi sokusiza ukucindezela okuphephile (njenge-valve yokuphepha efakiwe), njll.
Okwesibili, ukulawula izinga lokushisa. Ngaphambi kokushisela, zonke izinyathelo zokupholisa zokuvimbela umlilo nokuvikela ukuqhuma kufanele zenziwe. Ngesikhathi sokushisela, ama-welders kufanele alandele ngokuqinile ukufakwa kokushisa okuncane kanye nobuncane obucaciswe emibhalweni yenqubo, futhi izinyathelo zokupholisa zokuphepha kufanele zisetshenziswe ngenkathi zishisela ukuvimbela umlilo noma ukuqhuma.
Okwesithathu, anti-poisoning. Lapho kuvalwa futhi kushiselwa iziqukathi noma amapayipi aqukethe izinto ezinobuthi, kufanele kwenziwe ukungena komoya okufika ngesikhathi kwamagesi anobuthi avuzayo kanye nokuhlinzekwa komoya ohlanzekile ngesikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle ekuhlukaniseni ukungcola kokuphuma kwezinto ezinobuthi.
Okulandelayo izindlela zokuxhuma zokushisela ezivame ukusetshenziswa emisebenzini yobunjiniyela ukuze wonke umuntu afunde futhi athuthuke.
1 Indlela ye-Hammer twist welding
Le ndlela isetshenziswa endleleni yokushisela yokuqhekeka noma ama-blister kanye nama-pores emikhumbi ephansi yokucindezela kanye namapayipi. Sebenzisa ama-electrode anobubanzi obuncane bokushisela ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi i-welding current kufanele ilandele ngokuqinile izidingo zenqubo. Ukusebenza kusebenzisa indlela yokushisela ngokushesha, futhi ukushisa kwe-arc kusetshenziselwa ukushisa umngcele wokuvuza. Weld onqenqemeni olusando lwe-weld.
2. Indlela yokufaka i-welding
Uma eminye imifantu ibanzi noma ububanzi be-trachoma noma imbobo yomoya inkulu, kuba nzima ukusebenzisa isando sokusonta. Ungasebenzisa kuqala ucingo lwensimbi olufanele noma induku yokushisela ukuze ukhiphe umfantu noma umgodi ukuze unciphise ingcindezi nokugeleza kokuvuza, bese usebenzisa i-current encane ukusheshisa Ukushisela kwenziwa. Iphuzu eliyinhloko lale ndlela ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa kuphela ingavinjelwa ngesikhathi, bese i-welding esheshayo, ingxenye eyodwa ivinjiwe futhi enye ingxenye ifakwe. Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1
3. Top flow welding indlela
Okunye ukuvuza kubangelwa ukugqwala nokuguga nokubancane. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungashisi ngokuqondile ukuvuza, ngaphandle kwalokho kulula ukubangela ukushisela okuningi nokuvuza okukhulu. Ukushisela indawo kufanele kwenziwe endaweni efanele eduze noma ngaphansi kokuvuza. Uma kungekho ukuvuza kulezi zindawo, kufanele kumiswe ichibi elincibilikisiwe kuqala, bese, njengenkonjane ebambe udaka futhi yakha isidleke, kufanele ishiselwe lapho kuvuza kancane kancane, kancane kancane kunciphe ubukhulu bokuvuza. endaweni, futhi ekugcineni sebenzisa i-electrode enobubanzi obuncane enomshini wokushisela ofanelekayo ukuze uvale ukuvuza, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2.
4. Diversion welding indlela
Kufanelekile ukushisela lapho indawo yokuvuza inkulu, izinga lokugeleza likhulu noma ukucindezela kuphezulu, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3. Ngokuvumelana nokuma kokuvuza, yenza ipuleti yokwengeza ngedivayisi yokuvala. Uma ukuvuza kubucayi, ingxenye yepayipi yokuphambukisa isetshenziselwa idivayisi yokuvala, futhi i-valve ifakwe kuyo; lapho ukuvuza kukuncane, i-nati ifakwe ngaphambili epuleti lokulungisa. Indawo ye-patch plate kufanele ibe nkulu kunokuvuza. Indawo yedivayisi yokunqamula esichibini kufanele ibheke lapho kuvuza khona. Isiyingi se-sealant sisetshenziswa ohlangothini lwesichibi esixhumene nokuvuza ukuvumela okuvuzayo ukuthi kugeleze kuphuma eshubhu lomhlahlandlela. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuza eduze kwesichibi. Ngemuva kokuthi ipuleti yokulungisa ishiselwe, vala i-valve noma uqinise ama-bolts.
5. Indlela ye-Sleeve Welding
Lapho ipayipi livuza endaweni enkulu ngenxa yokugqwala noma ukuguga, sebenzisa ucezu lwepayipi olunobubanzi obufanayo noma okwanele nje ukwanga ububanzi bokuvuza njengomkhono, futhi ubude buncike endaweni yokuvuza. Sika ishubhu lomkhono ngokulinganayo libe izingxenye ezimbili, bese ushisela ishubhu lokuphambukisa. Indlela ye-welding ethize iyafana ne-diversion welding method. Ngokulandelana kokushisela, umphetho wendandatho wepayipi nomkhono kufanele ushiselwe kuqala, futhi i-weld yomkhono kufanele ishiselwe ekugcineni, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4.
6. Ukushiselwa kwesiqukathi sokuvuza kwamafutha
I-welding eqhubekayo ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa le-weld alikwazi ukuphakama kakhulu, i-spot welding isetshenziswa futhi izinga lokushisa liyehliswa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Isibonelo, ngemuva kokushisela amabala amaphuzu ambalwa, ngokushesha upholise amalunga e-solder nge-cotton gauze efakwe ngamanzi.
Ngezinye izikhathi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele izindlela ezihlukahlukene ezingenhla zokuxhuma, futhi i-welding plugging idinga ukuguquguquka ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumelelo yokuxhuma kwe-welding.
Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izinto zensimbi ezifanele indlela yokuxhuma i-welding. Insimbi yensimbi ye-carbon ephansi nensimbi ephansi ye-alloy kuphela engasebenzisa izindlela zokuxhuma ezingenhla.
Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic kufanele ilungiswe ngokushisela lapho kunqunywa ukuthi isisekelo sensimbi eduze nokuvuza singakhiqiza ukuguqulwa okukhulu kwepulasitiki, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kulungiswe ngokushisela.
I-medium epayipini lensimbi elikwazi ukumelana nokushisa imvamisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye ne-high-pressure steam. Ukuvuza okwenzeka ngemva kwenkonzo yesikhathi eside akukwazi ukulungiswa ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Insimbi enezinga lokushisa eliphansi ayivunyelwe ukulungiswa ngokushisela i-hot-press.
Lezi zindlela ezingenhla zokuxhuma i-welding plugging ziyizinyathelo zesikhashana, futhi azinazo izakhiwo zensimbi ezingafinyelelwa ngokushisela ngomqondo oqinile. Lapho okokusebenza kungaphansi kwesimo sokungacindezelwa futhi kungekho okuphakathi, isimo sokuxhuma nokushisela kwesikhashana kufanele sisuswe ngokuphelele, futhi siphinde sishiselwe noma silungiswe ngezinye izindlela ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo.
isifinyezo
Ubuchwepheshe be-Welding plugging ubuchwepheshe obuphuthumayo obudingekayo kwinqubo yokukhiqiza eqhubekayo ngokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqizwa kwesimanje. Kuthatha isikhathi esithile ukubhekana nezingozi zokuvuza, futhi ukuvuza kufanele kushintshwe ngokuphelele ngemva kwalokho. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuxhuma okuvuzayo kufanele kube nezimo. Ukubhekana nokuvuza, izindlela eziningi zingasetshenziselwa ukushisela ngokuhlanganyela. Inhloso ukuvimbela ukuvuza ngemva kokushisela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-22-2023
