1. Isizinda Abstract
Izidingo zokwakhiwa kwamapayipi kuqala ezimbonini zasolwandle zobunjiniyela kanye ne-petrochemical ziphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi inani lomsebenzi likhulu uma kuqhathaniswa. I-TIG welding manual base kanye ne-MIG welding filling and covering isetshenziswa, kodwa ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle akukuhle. Leli phepha lamukela inqubo entsha ye-welding-high-efficiency hot wire TIG welding, ukuze kuzuzwe i-TIG base welding, ukugcwalisa i-welding ne-covering welding, futhi kuzuzwe indlela ye-MIG ye-welding ephezulu yokufaka esikhundleni sendlela yendabuko. Ngalolu cwaningo, izici zemishini zocwaningo ziye zafakazelwa ukuthi ziyasebenza futhi zisetshenziswe ngempumelelo embonini.
Inhloso yocwaningo
Njengamanje, inqubo ye-welding yendabuko isebenzisa i-TIG welding ye-manual yesisekelo, i-welding manual noma i-MIG welding, i-arc welding engaphansi kwamanzi nezinye izindlela zezinqubo eziningi zokugcwalisa nokumboza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokushisela. Kodwa-ke, lezi zindlela zokugcwalisa nokumboza akulula ukufeza i-welding ngokuzenzekelayo, azifaneleki ububanzi obuhlukahlukene bepayipi, kulula ukukhiqiza amaphutha we-welding, futhi izinga lokuphasa kwekhwalithi ye-welding lilinganiselwe izinga lokusebenza kwabasebenzi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisela okujwayelekile kwe-TIG, ukushisela kwe-TIG kwentambo eshisayo kwengeza amandla ogesi ashisayo ukuze kushiswe kuqala intambo yokushisela ngesisekelo socingo olubandayo lwendabuko, futhi kwandisa isivinini sokuncibilika kocingo lokushisela ngaphandle kokushintsha amandla omugqa wokushisela. Ngale ndlela, i-arc yokushisela enikeziwe idinga kuphela ukusebenzisa inani elincane lamandla ukuncibilikisa ucingo lokushisela, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kokushisela.
I-TIG yocingo olushisayo olusebenza kahle kakhulu i-TIG isebenza ngokusebenza kahle izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezi-5 kune-TIG evamile, uma iqhathaniswa nesivinini sokushisela i-MIG, futhi izinga lokubeka liyakhuphuka lisuka ku-0.3~0.5kg/h laya ku-2~4kg/h. Ubuchwepheshe be-TIG bezintambo ezishisayo zasekhaya busesigabeni esimile futhi kusekude nokuzuza ukushisela okuphumelelayo nokusezingeni eliphezulu. Ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokushisela ye-TIG yocingo lwangaphandle ayikathuthukiswa kakhulu futhi ayikwazi ukufinyelela ukusebenza kahle kokushisela kwe-MIG. Ngakho-ke, kuphuthuma ngokukhethekile futhi kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa inqubo yokushisela ye-TIG yocingo olushisayo.
3.1 Izinto zokuhlola
Impahla engumama yepayipi lokuhlola yinsimbi ye-Q235-A, enogqinsi oluyi-12mm kanye nobubanzi obungaphandle obungu-108mm. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kuboniswa kuThebula 1. Amandla aqinile ensimbi ye-Q235-A ngu-σb=482MPa, amandla okukhiqiza ngu-σs=235MPa, futhi ukwelulwa kungu-δ=26%. Kusetshenziswa intambo yokushisela i-H08Mn2Si enobubanzi obungu-1.2mm. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kuboniswa kuThebula 1. Amandla aqinile wentambo yokushisela i-H08Mn2Si ngu-σb≥500 MPa, amandla okukhiqiza ngu-σs≥420MPa, kanti ubude ngu-δ≥22%.
Imishini yokushisela i-Xinfa inezici zekhwalithi ephezulu nenani eliphansi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane, sicela uvakashele:Abakhiqizi Bezinto Zokushisela Nezokusika - Imboni Yokushisela Nokusika YaseChina Nabahlinzeki (xinfatools.com)
3.2 Indlela yokuhlola
Ukuhlola kusebenzise i-KB370 yohlobo oluvulekile lwepayipi lokuqinisa uhlobo lwephayiphi prefabrication olusebenza kahle kakhulu uhlelo lokushisela lwentambo eshisayo ye-TIG njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1, umthombo wamandla wokushisela wemisebenzi eminingi ye-PHOENIX-521, kanye nomthombo wamandla ocijile we-arc-200 wezintambo ezishisayo. Inqubo yokushisela ye-TIG yocingo olushisayo yasetshenziswa, futhi umdwebo wohlelo oluhlanganyelwe uboniswa kuMfanekiso 2.
Umfanekiso 1 KB370 uhlobo lwesigxivizo sepayipi olusebenza kahle kakhulu uhlelo lokushisela ngocingo olushisayo
Umfanekiso 2 Umdwebo wohlelo lwelunga
Ngaphambi kokushisela, ingaphakathi nangaphandle lomsele wengcezu yokuhlola ipayipi iyagaywa futhi ikhishwa ukugqwala, ngebanga elingama-25mm. Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-welding, ucezu lokuhlola lwepayipi lulungiswa ngokushisela indawo. Ukushisela indawo enamaphuzu amathathu kwanele. Ukungahambi kahle kulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-1.5mm futhi alikho igebe.
3.3 Imiphumela yokuhlola
Ngemva kokuba izibonelo zamapayipi sezishiselwe, zaqale zatholwa amaphutha e-X-ray, futhi zonke zadlula izinga le-I. Okunye ukuhlola kusebenzise ukuhlolwa kwe-macroscopic metallographic, microscopic metallographic kanye nemishini, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3, 4, 5, 6 kanye neThebula 3, ngokulandelana. Izibalo 3 no-4 zibonisa ngokucacile i-weld morphology enezingqimba ezintathu, izinguquko zesakhiwo senhlangano, indawo encane ethinteke ukushisa ye-weld, futhi akukho zimbotshana noma imifantu. Ithebula lesi-3 libonisa ukuthi ama-welds aphukile wonke endaweni yempahla yomzali, futhi ukugoba okuhle nokugoba emuva kuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-GB/T14452-93 standard. Njengoba kungabonwa kuThebula 4, kufinyelelwa eziphethweni ezilandelayo:
Umfanekiso 3 I-Microstructure yesisekelo sensimbi, indawo ethintekile ekushiseni kanye nengxenye yesiphambano se-weld
Umfanekiso 4 Ukwakheka kwe-metallographic ye-Macroscopic ye-weld cross section
Umfanekiso 5 Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tensile
(a) Ukugoba okuhle
(b)Ingemuva
Intambo eshisayo esebenza kahle kakhulu i-TIG ingafinyelela izinga lokushisela le-TIG kanye nesivinini sokushisela i-MAG, kodwa ukushisela kwe-MAG kunemibi efana ne-spatter enkulu, i-arc eqinile, i-porosity enkulu, amandla kalayini omkhulu, kanye nenani elikhulu lokugaya. Nakuba ukusebenza kahle kwayo kokubekwa kuphezulu, kusobala ukuthi ayizinzile futhi ayithembekile njenge-TIG yokushisela ngaphansi kwezidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu. Ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kokushisela kwe-TIG ngocingo olushisayo olusebenza kahle kakhulu kuyalingana noma kungaphezulu kancane kunokwelding ye-MAG;
Ukushisela kwe-TIG ngocingo olushisayo olusebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokushisela kwe-TIG kwezintambo ezibandayo kunokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle izikhathi ezi-5 kuye kweziyi-10.
4. Isiphetho sokuhlola
4.1 I-TIG welding yocingo olushisayo ingathola i-weld enendawo engenasici kanye nokwakheka okuhle;
I-4.2 Ijubane lokuphakela ngocingo locingo olushisayo lwe-TIG welding lifinyelela ku-5m/min, lifika ku-6.5m/min, futhi izinga lokuncibilika lingafinyelela ku-3.5kg/h, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza;
4.3 Ukuphuka okuqinile kocingo olushisayo okushisela i-TIG kwenzeka ezintweni ezingabazali, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamalunga;
4.4 Intambo yokushisela esebenza kahle kakhulu ye-TIG ifinyelela ikhwalithi yokushisela ye-TIG yokushisela kanye nesivinini sokushisela se-MIG.
5. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivuthiwe emakethe kanye namathemba
Ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe mibili yokukhuthazwa nokusetshenziswa kwemakethe, okwamanje sisetshenziswa kabanzi kwezobunjiniyela basolwandle, igesi, izinsimbi, amakhemikhali kaphethiloli, neziqukathi.
I-high-efficiency hot hot TIG welding inqubo ayifanele kuphela i-carbon steel, kodwa futhi nensimbi ye-alloy, insimbi engagqwali, insimbi ye-duplex, ama-alloys asekelwe ku-nickel nezinye izinto (ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene kubonise ukuthi, ikakhulukazi ensimbi ye-duplex. inqubo yokushisela kwezobunjiniyela basolwandle nezinye izimboni, i-TIG welding esebenza kahle kakhulu yocingo olushisayo inezinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa). Iphule amandla okushisela i-TIG yezintambo ezishisayo zangaphandle e-China, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwayo kuphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.5 kuya kwezingu-2 kunokwezintambo ezishisayo zangaphandle uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo yangaphandle.
Lobu buchwepheshe bugcwalisa igebe ekushiseleni kokwenziwa ngamapayipi, kuwumkhiqizo wobuchwepheshe benqubo emisha ofanele izimo zezwe laseShayina, futhi kuwukuqanjwa okusha okuphazamisayo embonini yokwenziwa kwamapayipi kusengaphambili. Ingashintsha ngokuphelele inqubo yendabuko ekhona ye-TIG primer + MAG yokugcwalisa nokumboza inqubo eyinhlanganisela ephindwe kabili, igwema abasebenzisi ekuthengeni imishini ngokuphindaphindiwe, futhi iyisistimu yokushisela yamapayipi enezinjongo eziningi ngempela enezinjongo eziningi. Uhlelo lokushisela olunalobu buchwepheshe njengoba inqubo ewumgogodla njengamanje lusetshenziswa ohlelweni lokulungisa amapayipi ahlakaniphile, futhi amathemba emakethe abanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-27-2024
