Ezimweni eziningi, ukusetshenziswa kwesibhamu se-MIG kungase kube ukucabanga ngemuva kwenqubo yokushisela, njengoba ukukhathazeka ngemishini, ukuhamba komsebenzi, ukwakhiwa kwengxenye nokunye kubusa ukunaka kwabaqhubi bokushisela, abaphathi kanye nabanye abahilelekile ekusebenzeni. Nokho, lezi zingxenye - ikakhulukazi amathiphu okuxhumana - zingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kokushisela.
Enqubweni yokushisela ye-MIG, ithiphu yokuxhumana inesibopho sokudlulisa i-welding current ocingweni njengoba idlula kubhore, idala i-arc. Ngokufanelekile, intambo kufanele idlule ngokumelana okuncane ngenkathi igcina ukuthintana kukagesi. Ukuma kwethiphu yokuxhumana phakathi kwenozzle, ebizwa ngokuthi ikhefu lethiphu yokuxhumana, kubaluleke kakhulu. Ingathonya ikhwalithi, ukukhiqiza kanye nezindleko ekusebenzeni kokushisela. Kungase futhi kuthinte inani lesikhathi esichithwa senza imisebenzi engangezweli, efana nokugaya noma izingxenye eziqhumisayo ezingafaki sandla kukho konke okuphumayo komsebenzi noma inzuzo.
Ikhefu elifanele lethiphu lothintana naye liyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza. Ngenxa yokuthi intambo encane yokunamathela ngokuvamile iphumela ku-arc ezinzile nasekungeneni okungcono kwe-voltage ephansi, ubude bentambo obuhle kakhulu buvame ukuba yibo obufushane kakhulu obuvunyelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza.
Umthelela kukhwalithi yokushisela
Ikhefu lethiphu yokuxhumana lithinta izici ezimbalwa ezingase zibe nomthelela kwikhwalithi yokushisela. Isibonelo, i-stickout noma isandiso se-electrode (ubude bentambo phakathi kokuphela kwethiphu yokuxhumana nendawo yokusebenza) buyahlukahluka ngokuya ngekhefu lethiphu yokuxhumana - ikakhulukazi, uma ithiphu lokuxhumana libe likhulu, intambo iba yinde. Njengoba i-wire stickout ikhula, i-voltage iyanda futhi i-amperage iyancipha. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-arc ingase ingasebenzi kahle, ibangele i-spatter eyeqile, i-arc wander, ukulawula ukushisa okungekuhle ezinsimbini ezincane kanye nesivinini sokuhamba esihamba kancane.
Ikhefu lethiphu yokuxhumana liphinde lithinte ukushisa okukhazimulayo okuvela ku-arc yokushisela. Ukwanda kokushisa kuholela ekwenyukeni kokumelana nogesi ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo ezingaphambili, okunciphisa ikhono lethiphu yokuxhumana lokudlulisa i-current entanjeni. Lokhu kuziphatha okungalungile kungabangela ukungena okwanele, i-spatter nezinye izinkinga ezingase zibangele ukushisela okungamukeleki noma kuholele ekusebenzeni kabusha.
Futhi, ukushisa okuningi ngokuvamile kunciphisa impilo yokusebenza yethiphu yokuxhumana. Umphumela uba izindleko ezithengekayo eziphezulu kanye nesikhathi esithe xaxa sokushintsha ithiphu lokuxhumana. Ngoba ukusebenza cishe njalo kuyizindleko ezinkulu kakhulu ekusebenzeni kokushisela, leso sikhathi sokuphumula singangeza ekwenyukeni okungadingekile kwezindleko zokukhiqiza.
Enye into ebalulekile ethintwa ikhefu lethiphu ukuvikela ukumbozwa kwegesi. Uma ikhefu lethiphu yokuxhumana libeka umlomo wombhobho kude ne-arc ne-weld puddle, indawo yokushisela isengozini yokugeleza komoya engaphazamisa noma isuse igesi evikelayo. Ukungavikeleki kahle kwegesi evikelayo kuholela embonweni, ku-spatter kanye nokungena okwanele.
Kuzo zonke lezi zizathu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ikhefu lokuxhumana elilungile lohlelo lokusebenza. Ezinye izincomo ziyalandela.
Umfanekiso 1: Ikhefu lethiphu elilungile lothintana naye liyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza. Hlala ubheka izincomo zomkhiqizi ukuze uthole ikhefu lethiphu elilungile lokuxhumana lomsebenzi.
Izinhlobo zekhefu lethiphu yokuxhumana
I-diffuser, ithiphu kanye nombhobho izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko ezihlanganisa izinto ezisetshenziswayo zezibhamu ze-MIG. I-diffuser inamathela ngqo entanyeni yesibhamu bese ithwala i-current iye endaweni ethintwayo bese iqondisa igesi kubhobho. Ithiphu ixhuma ne-diffuser bese idlulisela i-current ocingweni njengoba iyiqondisa ku-nozzle kanye ne-weld puddle. Umbhobho unamathela ku-diffuser futhi usebenzela ukugcina igesi evikelayo igxile ku-arc welding kanye ne-puddle. Ingxenye ngayinye idlala indima ebalulekile kukhwalithi ye-weld iyonke.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zekhefu lethiphu yokuxhumana ziyatholakala ngezinto ezisebenzisekayo zezibhamu ze-MIG: ezilungisiwe noma ezilungisekayo. Ngoba ikhefu lethiphu lokuxhumana elilungisekayo lingashintshwa libe ububanzi obuhlukahlukene bokujula nezandiso, banenzuzo yokukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zekhefu zezinhlelo zokusebenza nezinqubo ezahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ziphinde zikhulise amandla okuba namaphutha omuntu, njengoba ama-opharetha abashiselayo bewalungisa ngokulawula indawo yomlomo noma ngomshini wokukhiya ovikela ithiphu yokuxhumana ngesikhathi sokuphumula esinikeziwe.
Ukuze kuvinjwe ukuhlukahluka, ezinye izinkampani zithanda amathiphu e-fixed-recess njengendlela yokuqinisekisa ukufana kwe-weld futhi bathole imiphumela engaguquki ukusuka ku-opharetha wokushisela oyedwa kuya kolandelayo. Amathiphu agxilile wekhefu ajwayelekile ezinhlelweni zokushisela ezizenzakalelayo lapho indawo yethiphu engaguquki ibalulekile.
Abakhiqizi abahlukene benza okusebenzisekayo ukuze kuthwale ukujula kwephuzu elihlukile lethiphu yokuxhumana, okuvamise ukuhluka ukusuka kukhefu elingu-1⁄4-intshi ukuya kusandiso esingu-1⁄8-intshi.
Ukunquma ikhefu elilungile
Ikhefu elifanele lethiphu lothintana naye liyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza. Umthetho omuhle okufanele ucatshangelwe ungaphansi kwezimo eziningi, njengoba ukwanda kwamanje, ikhefu kufanele likhuphuke. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi intambo encane yokunamathela ngokuvamile iphumela ku-arc ezinzile nasekungeneni okungcono kwe-voltage ephansi, ubude bentambo obungcono kakhulu buvame ukuba yibo obufushane kakhulu obuvunyelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza. Nazi ezinye iziqondiso, ngezansi. Futhi, bona Umfanekiso 1 ukuze uthole amanothi engeziwe.
1.Ngokushisela i-pulsed, izinqubo zokudlulisa isifutho nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphezu kwama-amps angu-200, i-recess ithiphu yokuxhumana engu-1/8 intshi noma i-1/4 intshi iyanconywa.
2.Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamaza aphakeme, njengalezo ezihlanganisa izinsimbi eziwugqinsi ngocingo olunobubanzi obukhulu noma ucingo olunamakhodi ensimbi enenqubo yokudlulisa isifutho, ithiphu yokuxhumana ehlehlisiwe ingasiza futhi ukugcina ithiphu yokuxhumana kude nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-arc. Ukusebenzisa intambo ende yokunamathela kulezi zinqubo kusiza ukunciphisa ukwenzeka kokushiswa (lapho intambo incibilika futhi ibambe ithiphu yokuxhumana) kanye ne-spatter, okusiza ukunweba impilo yethiphu yokuxhumana nokunciphisa izindleko ezisebenzisekayo.
3.Uma usebenzisa inqubo yokudlulisa isiyingi esifushane noma i-low-current pulse welding, ithiphu yokuxhumana eshaywayo enentambo yokunamathisela enamathiselwe cishe iyiyintshi engu-1⁄4 ngokuvamile iyanconywa. Ubude bokunamathela obufushane buvumela ukudluliswa kwesiyingi esifushane ukushisela izinto ezizacile ngaphandle kokufaka engcupheni yokushiswa noma i-warping kanye ne-spatter ephansi.
4.Amathiphu okuxhumana anwetshiwe ngokuvamile agcinelwe inani elilinganiselwe kakhulu lezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-short-circuit ezinokuhlelwa okuhlangene okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo, njengamajoyinti e-V-groove ajulile futhi amancane ekushiseleni amapayipi.
Lokhu kucatshangelwa kungasiza ekukhetheni, kodwa hlala uthintana nezincomo zomkhiqizi ukuze uthole ikhefu elifanele lethiphu lokuxhumana lomsebenzi. Khumbula, ukuma okulungile kunganciphisa ithuba le-spatter eyeqile, i-porosity, ukungena okunganele, ukushiswa noma ukulwa nezinto ezincane, nokuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho inkampani ibona ikhefu lethiphu yokuxhumana njengembangela yezinkinga ezinjalo, ingasiza ekuqedeni isikhathi esiningi nokuxazulula izinkinga ezibizayo noma imisebenzi yangemva kokushisela efana nokusebenza kabusha.
Ulwazi olwengeziwe: Khetha amathiphu ekhwalithi
Ngenxa yokuthi amathiphu okuxhumana ayisici esibalulekile ekuqedeni ukushisela kwekhwalithi nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, kubalulekile ukukhetha ithiphu yokuxhumana yekhwalithi ephezulu. Nakuba le mikhiqizo ingase ibize ngaphezudlwana kwemikhiqizo yezinga eliphansi, inikeza inani lesikhathi eside ngokwandisa ubude bempilo kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula sokushintsha. Ukwengeza, amathiphu okuxhumana ekhwalithi ephezulu angenziwa kusuka kuma-alloys ethusi athuthukisiwe futhi ngokuvamile afakwe ngomshini ukuze abekezelelane ngokuqinile, adale uxhumano olungcono olushisayo nogesi ukuze kuncishiswe ukushisa nokumelana nogesi. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zekhwalithi ephezulu ngokuvamile zifaka i-bore emaphakathi ebushelelezi, okuholela ekungqubuzaneni okuncane njengoba intambo ingena. Lokho kusho ukuphakelwa kwezintambo okungaguquki nokudonsa okuncane, kanye nezinkinga ezimbalwa zekhwalithi ezingaba khona. Amathiphu okuxhumana ekhwalithi ephezulu angasiza futhi ekunciphiseni ukusha futhi asize ukuvimbela i-arc engalungile ebangelwa ukungahambi kahle kukagesi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-01-2023
