1. Ifilimu ye-oxide:
I-Aluminium kulula kakhulu ukuyikhipha emoyeni nangesikhathi sokushisela. I-aluminium oxide ewumphumela (Al2O3) inephuzu eliphezulu lokuncibilika, izinzile kakhulu, futhi kunzima ukuyisusa. Ivimbela ukuncibilika nokuhlanganiswa kwempahla engumzali. Ifilimu ye-oxide ine-gravity ethile ephezulu futhi akulula ukuntanta phezulu. Kulula ukukhiqiza amaphutha afana nokufakwa kwe-slag, ukuhlanganisa okungaphelele, nokungena okungaphelele.
Ifilimu ye-oxide engaphezulu ye-aluminium kanye nokumuncwa kwenani elikhulu lomswakama kungabangela kalula ama-pores ku-weld. Ngaphambi kokushisela, izindlela zamakhemikhali noma zemishini kufanele zisetshenziselwe ukuhlanza ubuso ngokuqinile futhi kususe ifilimu ye-oxide engaphezulu.
Qinisa ukuvikela ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela ukuvimbela i-oxidation. Uma usebenzisa i-tungsten inert gas welding, sebenzisa amandla e-AC ukuze ususe ifilimu ye-oxide ngomphumela "wokuhlanza i-cathode".
Uma usebenzisa i-welding yegesi, sebenzisa i-flux esusa ifilimu ye-oxide. Lapho ushisela amapuleti awugqinsi, ukushisa kwe-welding kungandiswa. Isibonelo, i-helium arc inokushisa okukhulu, futhi i-helium noma i-argon-helium igesi exubile isetshenziselwa ukuvikela, noma i-electrode encibilikayo enkulu yegesi evikelekile isetshenziswa. Endabeni yokuxhumana okuqondile kwamanje, "ukuhlanza i-cathode" akudingeki.
2. High conductivity ezishisayo
I-thermal conductivity kanye nomthamo wokushisa othize we-aluminium nama-alloys e-aluminium cishe aphindwe kabili kune-carbon steel kanye ne-low-alloy steel. I-thermal conductivity ye-aluminium iphindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kweziyishumi kune-austenitic stainless steel.
Phakathi nenqubo yokushisela, inani elikhulu lokushisa lingaqhutshwa ngokushesha ensimbi eyisisekelo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ushisela i-aluminium ne-aluminium alloys, ngaphezu kwamandla asetshenziswa echibini lensimbi encibilikisiwe, ukushisa okwengeziwe kusetshenziswa ngokungadingekile kwezinye izingxenye zensimbi. Lokhu Ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo lwamandla angenamsebenzi kubaluleke kakhulu kunokushisela insimbi. Ukuze uthole amalunga aphezulu ashiselwe, amandla anamandla agxilile namandla aphezulu kufanele asetshenziswe ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukushisa kwangaphambili nezinye izinyathelo zenqubo nakho kungasetshenziswa.
3. I-coefficient enkulu yokunwetshwa komugqa, kulula ukuyishintsha futhi ikhiqize imifantu eshisayo
I-linear extension coefficient ye-aluminium ne-aluminium alloys cishe iphindwe kabili kune-carbon steel ne-low alloy steel. Ukuncipha kwevolumu ye-aluminium ngesikhathi sokuqina kukhulu, futhi ukuguqulwa nokucindezeleka kwe-weldment kukhulu. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuwohloka kwe-welding.
Lapho i-aluminium welding pool encibilikisiwe iqina, kulula ukukhiqiza izimbotshana ezinciphayo, i-shrinkage porosity, imifantu eshisayo kanye nokucindezeleka okukhulu kwangaphakathi.
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Izinyathelo zingathathwa ukuze kulungiswe ukubunjwa kocingo lwe-welding kanye nenqubo ye-welding ukuvimbela ukuvela kwemifantu eshisayo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Uma ukumelana nokugqwala kuvuma, i-aluminium-silicon alloy welding wire ingasetshenziswa ukushisela ama-alloys e-aluminium ngaphandle kwama-alloys e-aluminium-magnesium. Lapho i-aluminium-silicon alloy iqukethe i-silicon engu-0.5%, ukuthambekela kokuqhekeka okushisayo kukhulu. Njengoba okuqukethwe kwe-silicon kukhula, izinga lokushisa le-crystallization ye-alloy liba lincane, i-fluidity ikhula kakhulu, izinga lokuncipha liyancipha, futhi ukuthambekela kokuqhekeka okushisayo nakho kuncipha ngokufanele.
Ngokwesipiliyoni sokukhiqiza, ukuqhekeka okushisayo ngeke kwenzeke uma okuqukethwe kwe-silicon kungu-5% kuya ku-6%, ngakho-ke ukusebenzisa i-SALSi strip (okuqukethwe kwe-silicon 4.5% kuya ku-6%) intambo yokushisela kuzoba nokuphikiswa okungcono kokuqhekeka.
4. Chaza kalula i-hydrogen
I-aluminium ne-aluminium alloys ingancibilikisa inani elikhulu le-hydrogen esimweni esiwuketshezi, kodwa ingancibiliki i-hydrogen esimweni esiqinile. Ngesikhathi sokuqiniswa kanye nenqubo yokupholisa ngokushesha yechibi lokushisela, i-hydrogen ayinaso isikhathi sokuphuma, futhi izimbobo ze-hydrogen zakha kalula. Umswakama osemkhathini wekholomu ye-arc, umswakama okhangiswa yifilimu ye-oxide ebusweni bezinto ezishiselayo kanye nesisekelo sensimbi konke kuyimithombo ebalulekile ye-hydrogen ekushiseleni. Ngakho-ke, umthombo we-hydrogen kufanele ulawulwe ngokuqinile ukuze uvimbele ukwakheka kwama-pores.
5. Amalunga nezindawo ezithinteke ekushiseni zithambe kalula
Izakhi ze-alloy kulula ukuhwamuka futhi zishise, okunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-weld.
Uma isisekelo sensimbi siqiniswa yi-deformation-yaqiniswa noma i-solid-solution-iqiniswa iminyaka, ukushisa kwe-welding kuzonciphisa amandla wendawo ethinteke ukushisa.
I-Aluminium ine-cubic lattice egxile ebusweni futhi ayinawo ama-allotropes. Alukho ushintsho lwesigaba ngesikhathi sokushisa nokupholisa. Izinhlamvu ze-weld zivame ukuba lukhuni futhi izinhlamvu azikwazi ukucwengwa ngokushintsha kwesigaba.
Indlela yokushisela
Cishe izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokushisela zingasetshenziswa ukushisela i-aluminium ne-aluminium alloys, kodwa i-aluminium ne-aluminium alloys inokuvumelana nezimo ezihlukahlukene ezindleleni ezihlukahlukene zokushisela, futhi izindlela zokushisela ezihlukahlukene zinezikhathi zazo zokufaka isicelo.
I-gas welding kanye ne-electrode arc welding izindlela zilula emishinini futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ukushisela igesi kungasetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukushisela amashidi e-aluminium kanye nokusakazwa okungadingi ikhwalithi ephezulu yokushisela. I-Electrode arc welding ingasetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukushisela kwe-aluminium alloy castings.
Indlela ye-inert gas shielded welding (TIG noma i-MIG) iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokushisela ye-aluminium ne-aluminium alloys.
Amashidi e-aluminium ne-aluminium alloy angashiswa nge-tungsten electrode alternating current arc welding noma i-tungsten electrode pulse argon arc welding.
Amapuleti aminyene e-aluminium ne-aluminium alloy angacutshungulwa ngokushisela i-tungsten helium arc, i-argon-helium exutshwe i-tungsten arc welding, i-gas metal arc welding, kanye ne-pulse metal arc welding. I-gas metal arc welding kanye ne-pulse gas metal arc welding kuya ngokuya kusetshenziswa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-25-2024
