Umqondo nokuhlukaniswa kwe-gas metal arc welding
Indlela yokushisela i-arc esebenzisa i-electrode encibilikisiwe, igesi yangaphandle njenge-arc medium, futhi ivikela amaconsi ensimbi, i-welding pool kanye nensimbi enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa endaweni yokushisela ibizwa ngokuthi i-molten electrode gas shielded arc welding.
Ngokwezigaba ze-welding wire, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-solid core welding kanye ne-flux cored wire welding. Igesi ye-inert (Ar noma He) indlela yokushisela i-arc evikelekile isebenzisa ucingo oluqinile oluyisisekelo ibizwa ngokuthi i-Melting Inert Gas Arc Welding (MIG Welding); indlela yokushisela i-arc enothe nge-argon-rich shielded arc isebenzisa ucingo oluqinile ibizwa nge-Metal Inert Gas Arc Welding (MIG welding). Ukushisela kwe-MAG (I-Metal Active Gas Arc Welding). I-CO2 yegesi evikelekile yokushisela isebenzisa ucingo oluqinile, olubizwa ngokuthi i-CO2 welding. Uma usebenzisa i-flux-coreed wire, i-arc welding engasebenzisa i-CO2 noma i-CO2+Ar igesi exubile njengoba igesi evikelayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-flux-cored wire gas shielded welding. Kungenzeka futhi ukwenza lokhu ngaphandle kokwengeza igesi evikelayo. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi i-self-shielded arc welding.
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Umehluko phakathi kokushisela okujwayelekile kwe-MIG/MAG kanye ne-CO2 yokushisela
Izici ze-CO2 welding yilezi: izindleko eziphansi nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Kodwa-ke, inobubi benani elikhulu le-spatter kanye nokubunjwa okungalungile, ngakho-ke ezinye izinqubo zokushisela zisebenzisa ukushisela okujwayelekile kwe-MIG/MAG. Ukushisela okujwayelekile kwe-MIG/MAG kuyindlela yokushisela i-arc evikelwe igesi ye-inert noma i-argon-rich gas, kodwa i-CO2 yokushisela inezici ezinamandla ze-oxidizing, ezinquma umehluko nezici zalokhu kokubili. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CO2 welding, izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokushisela i-MIG/MAG zimi kanje:
I-1) Inani lokuchaphaza lincishiswa ngaphezu kwama-50%. I-arc yokushisela ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwe-argon noma i-argon-rich gas izinzile. Akukhona nje ukuthi i-arc izinzile ngesikhathi soguquko lwamaconsi kanye noguquko lwejethi, kodwa futhi esimweni soguquko lwesifunda esifushane sokushiselwa kwe-MAG yamanje, i-arc inomthelela omncane wokujikijela kumaconsi, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise i-MIG / Inani le-spatter elibangelwa I-MAG welding short circuit transition yehliswa ngaphezu kuka-50%.
2) I-welding seam yakhiwe ngokulinganayo futhi inhle. Njengoba ukudluliswa kwamaconsi e-MIG/MAG wokushisela kufana, kucashile, futhi kuzinzile, i-weld yakheka ngendlela efanayo futhi enhle.
3) Ungashisela izinsimbi eziningi ezisebenzayo kanye nama-alloys azo. Impahla ye-oxidizing yomkhathi we-arc ibuthakathaka kakhulu noma ayiyona i-oxidizing. Ukushisela kwe-MIG/MAG akukwazi nje ukushisela i-carbon steel nensimbi ephezulu ye-alloy, kodwa futhi nezinsimbi eziningi ezisebenzayo nama-alloys azo, njengalezi: i-aluminium ne-aluminium alloys, insimbi engagqwali nama-alloys ayo, i-Magnesium ne-magnesium alloys, njll.
4) Thuthukisa kakhulu ukuqhutshwa kwe-welding, ikhwalithi ye-welding kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-pulse MIG/MAG welding kanye nokushisela okujwayelekile kwe-MIG/MAG
Amafomu amakhulu okudlulisa amaconsi okushisela okujwayelekile kwe-MIG/MAG ukudluliswa kwejethi ekudluliseni okuphezulu kwamanje kanye nokudluliswa kwesiyingi esifushane endaweni yamanje ephansi. Ngakho-ke, amandla aphansi asesenobubi benani elikhulu le-spatter kanye nokubunjwa okungekuhle, ikakhulukazi ezinye izinsimbi ezisebenzayo azikwazi ukushiselwa ngaphansi kwamandla aphansi. Ukushisela okufana ne-aluminium nama-alloys, insimbi engagqwali, njll. Ngakho-ke, ukushisela kwe-MIG/MAG kwavela. Isici sayo sokudlulisa amaconsi ukuthi ishayela ngalinye lamanje lidlulisela ithonsi elilodwa. Empeleni, ukudluliselwa kwamaconsi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisela okujwayelekile kwe-MIG/MAG, izici zayo eziyinhloko zimi kanje:
1) Indlela engcono kakhulu yokudluliswa kwamaconsi wokushisela i-MIG/MAG iwukudlulisa ithonsi elilodwa ku-pulse ngayinye. Ngale ndlela, ngokulungisa imvamisa ye-pulse, inani lamaconsi adluliswa ngesikhathi seyunithi lingashintshwa, okuyisivinini sokuncibilika kocingo lokushisela.
2) Ngenxa yokudluliswa kwe-droplet ye-pulse eyodwa kanye neconsi elilodwa, ububanzi be-droplet bulingana nobubanzi bocingo lokushisela, ngakho-ke ukushisa kwe-arc ye-droplet kuphansi, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa leconsi liphansi. (uma kuqhathaniswa nokudluliswa kwejethi kanye nokudluliswa kwamaconsi amakhulu). Ngakho-ke, i-coefficient yokuncibilika kwe-welding wire iyanda, okusho ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kokuncibilika kwe-welding wire kuyathuthukiswa.
3) Ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa leconsi liphansi, kunentuthu yokushisela encane. Lokhu ngakolunye uhlangothi kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa okuvuthayo kwezakhi ze-alloy futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi kuthuthukisa indawo yokwakha.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisela okujwayelekile kwe-MIG/MAG, izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko zimi kanje:
I-1) I-Spatter yokushisela incane noma ayikho i-spatter.
2) I-arc inokuqondisa okuhle futhi ifanele ukushisela kuzo zonke izikhundla.
I-3) I-weld yakheke kahle, ububanzi obuncibilikayo bukhulu, izici zokungena ezinjengomunwe zibuthakathaka, futhi ukuphakama okusele kuncane.
4) I-current encane ingakwazi ukushisela izinsimbi ezisebenzayo (ezifana ne-aluminium nama-alloys ayo, njll.).
Kunwetshwe ububanzi bamanje bokudluliswa kwejethi yokushisela ye-MIG/MAG. Ngesikhathi se-pulse welding, i-welding current ingafinyelela ukudluliswa kwe-droplet ezinzile ukusuka eduze kwamandla abalulekile okudluliselwa kwe-jet kuya kuhlu olukhudlwana lwamanje lwamashumi ama-amps.
Kusukela kulokhu okungenhla, singakwazi ukwazi izici nezinzuzo ze-pulse MIG/MAG, kodwa akukho okungahamba kahle. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-MIG/MAG ejwayelekile, amaphutha ayo ami kanje:
I-1) Ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwe-welding kuvame ukuzwakala sengathi kuphansi kancane.
I-2) Izidingo zekhwalithi zama-welders ziphakeme kakhulu.
I-3) Njengamanje, intengo yemishini yokushisela iphakeme kakhulu.
Izinqumo zenqubo eyinhloko yokukhethwa kwe-pulse MIG/MAG welding
Uma kubhekwa imiphumela engenhla yokuqhathanisa, nakuba ukushisela kwe-pulse MIG/MAG kunezinzuzo eziningi ezingenakufinyelelwa futhi kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokushisela, futhi kunezinkinga zamanani entengo emishini ephezulu, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuthe ukuphansi, kanye nobunzima bokuthi abashisela bazi kahle. Ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa kwe-pulse MIG/MAG welding kunqunywa ikakhulukazi izidingo zenqubo yokushisela. Ngokwezindinganiso zamanje zenqubo yokushisela yasekhaya, ukushisela okulandelayo kufanele ngokuyisisekelo kusebenzise i-pulse MIG/MAG welding.
1) Carbon steel. Izikhathi ezinezidingo eziphakeme zekhwalithi yokushisela nokubukeka zisembonini yemikhumbi yomfutho, njengamabhayela, izishintshisi zokushisa zamakhemikhali, izishintshisi zokushisa ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, kanye nezikebhe zama-turbine embonini yokuphehla amandla ngamanzi.
2) Insimbi engagqwali. Sebenzisa imisinga emincane (ngaphansi kuka-200A ibizwa ngokuthi imisinga emincane lapha, efanayo ngezansi) kanye nezikhathi ezinezidingo eziphezulu zekhwalithi yokushisela nokubukeka, njengezitimela nemikhumbi yokucindezela embonini yamakhemikhali.
3) I-Aluminium nama-alloys ayo. Sebenzisa i-current encane (ngezansi kwe-200A ibizwa ngokuthi i-current encane lapha, efanayo ngezansi) kanye nezikhathi ezinezidingo eziphezulu ngekhwalithi ye-weld nokubukeka, njengezitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esikhulu, ama-switch-voltage aphezulu, ukuhlukaniswa komoya nezinye izimboni. Ikakhulukazi izitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu, okuhlanganisa i-CSR Group Sifang Rolling Stock Co., Ltd., i-Tangshan Rolling Stock Factory, i-Changchun Railway Vehicles, njll., kanye nabakhiqizi abancane abawasebenzela ngaphandle. Ngokwemithombo yezimboni, ngo-2015 zonke izifundazwe namadolobha amakhulu anenani labantu abangaphezu kuka-500,000 eShayina azobe esenezitimela zezinhlamvu. Lokhu kukhombisa isidingo esikhulu sezitimela zezinhlamvu, kanye nesidingo somthwalo wokushisela kanye nemishini yokushisela.
4) Ithusi nama-alloys ayo. Ngokusho kokuqonda kwamanje, ithusi nama-alloys ayo ngokuyisisekelo kusebenzisa i-pulse MIG/MAG welding (ngaphakathi kobubanzi bokushisela kwe-arc arc encibilikisiwe).
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-23-2023
