15. Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko we-gas welding powder?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wempushana yokushisela ukwenza i-slag, esabelana nama-oxide ensimbi noma ukungcola okungeyona okwensimbi echibini elincibilikisiwe ukuze kukhiqizwe i-slag encibilikisiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-slag encibilikisiwe ekhiqiziwe ivala ingaphezulu lechibi elincibilikisiwe futhi ihlukanise ichibi elincibilikisiwe emoyeni, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele insimbi yechibi elincibilikisiwe ekubeni ifakwe i-oxid emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
16. Yiziphi izinyathelo zenqubo zokuvimbela i-weld porosity ekushiseleleni kwe-arc manual?
impendulo:
(1) Induku yokushisela kanye ne-flux kufanele igcinwe yomile futhi yomiswe ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa;
(2) Izingxenye ezingaphezulu zezintambo zokushisela kanye nezinto zokushisela kufanele zigcinwe zihlanzekile futhi zingenawo amanzi, amafutha, ukugqwala, njll.
(3) Khetha kahle ukucaciswa kwe-welding, njenge-welding current akufanele ibe nkulu kakhulu, ijubane lokushisela kufanele libe elifanele, njll.;
(4) Sebenzisa izindlela zokushisela ezifanele, sebenzisa ama-alkaline electrode ukuze ushise i-arc ngesandla, i-arc welding emfushane, unciphise i-swing amplitude ye-electrode, wehlise isivinini sokuthutha induku, lawula i-arc emfushane ukuqala nokuvala, njll.;
(5) Lawula igebe lokuhlangana lokushisela ukuthi lingabi likhulu kakhulu;
(6) Ungawasebenzisi ama-electrode okunamathela kwawo kudabukekile, kuxetshulwe, awonakele, angenasici noma anezinhlamvu zokushisela ezigqwalile.
17. Yiziphi izinyathelo eziyinhloko zokuvimbela amabala amhlophe lapho ushisela insimbi yensimbi?
impendulo:
(1) Sebenzisa izinti zokushisela ezenziwe nge-graphitized, okungukuthi, sebenzisa izinduku zokushisela zensimbi ezinenani elikhulu lezinto ze-graphitizing (njengekhabhoni, i-silicon, njll.) ezingezwe kupende noma ocingweni lokushisela, noma sebenzisa i-nickel-based kanye ne-copper-based. izinsimbi zokushisela insimbi;
(2) Shisisa ngaphambi kokushisela, gcina ukushisa ngesikhathi sokushisela, futhi ukupholisa kancane ngemva kokushisela ukuze unciphise izinga lokupholisa lendawo yokushisela, andise isikhathi lapho indawo yokuhlanganisa isesimweni esishisayo, i-graphitize ngokugcwele, futhi inciphise ukucindezeleka okushisayo;
(3) Sebenzisa inqubo yokuqinisa.
18. Chaza indima ye-flux enqubweni yokushisela?
Ku-welding, i-flux iyisici esiyinhloko sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokushisela. Inemisebenzi elandelayo:
(1) Ngemva kokuba i-flux iyancibilika, intanta phezu kwensimbi encibilikisiwe ukuze ivikele ichibi elincibilikile futhi ivimbele ukuguguleka kwamagesi ayingozi emoyeni.
(2) I-flux inemisebenzi ye-deoxidizing kanye ne-alloying, futhi isebenzisana nentambo yokushisela ukuthola ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okudingekayo kanye nezakhiwo zemishini yensimbi yokushisela.
(3) Yenza i-weld yakheke kahle.
(4) Yehlisa izinga lokupholisa lensimbi encibilikisiwe futhi unciphise iziphambeko ezifana nezimbotshana nokufakwa kwe-slag.
(5) Vimbela ukuchaphaza, nciphisa ukulahlekelwa, futhi uthuthukise i-welding coefficient.
19. Yiziphi izindaba okufanele zinakwe lapho kusetshenziswa futhi kugcinwa imishini yokushisela i-AC arc?
(1) Kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuya ngesilinganiso se-welding yamanje kanye nobude besikhathi somthwalo womshini wokushisela, futhi ungalayishi ngokweqile.
(2) Umshini wokushisela awuvunyelwe ukuba ube yi-short-circuited isikhathi eside.
(3) Umsinga olawulayo kufanele usetshenziswe ngaphandle komthwalo.
(4) Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola izintambo ezixhumene nabo, amafuse, indlela yokumisa phansi, indlela yokulungisa, njll. futhi uqiniseke ukuthi zisesimweni esihle.
(5) Gcina umshini wokushisela uhlanzekile, womile futhi ungenawo umoya ukuze uvikele uthuli nemvula ekungeneni.
(6) Ibeke iqine futhi inqamule ugesi ngemva kokuqedwa komsebenzi.
(7) Umshini wokushisela kufanele uhlolwe njalo.
20. Yiziphi izingozi zokuphuka kwe-brittle?
Impendulo: Ngenxa yokuthi ukuphuka kwe-brittle kwenzeka ngokuzumayo futhi akukwazi ukutholakala futhi kuvinjwe ngesikhathi, uma kwenzeka, imiphumela izoba yingozi kakhulu, hhayi nje kuphela ebangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho, kodwa futhi ibeke engozini ukuphila komuntu. Ngakho-ke, ukuphuka kwe-brittle kwezakhiwo ezishiselwe kuyinkinga okufanele ithathwe ngokungathí sina.
21. Izimpawu kanye nokusetshenziswa kokufuthwa kwe-plasma?
Impendulo: Izici zokufafaza nge-plasma ukuthi izinga lokushisa lelangabi le-plasma liphezulu futhi lingancibilikisa cishe zonke izinto eziphikisayo, ngakho-ke lingafuthwa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto. Ijubane lelangabi le-plasma liphezulu futhi umphumela wokusheshisa izinhlayiyana muhle, ngakho amandla okubopha okunamathelayo aphakeme. Inokusetshenziswa okubanzi futhi iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokufafaza izinto ezahlukahlukene ze-ceramic.
22. Iyiphi inqubo yokulungiselela ikhadi lenqubo yokushisela?
Impendulo: Uhlelo lokulungiselela ikhadi lenqubo yokushisela kufanele lithole ukuhlolwa kwenqubo yokushisela okuhambisanayo ngokusekelwe emidwebeni yomhlangano womkhiqizo, izingxenye zokucubungula imidwebo kanye nezidingo zabo zobuchwepheshe, bese udweba umdwebo ohlangene owenziwe lula; inombolo yekhadi lenqubo yokushisela, inombolo yokudweba, igama elihlanganyelwe, Inombolo Ehlanganyelwe, inombolo yokufaneleka kwenqubo yokushisela nezinto zesitifiketi sokushisela;
Lungiselela ukulandelana kwe-welding ngokusekelwe ekuhloleni kwenqubo ye-welding kanye nezimo zangempela zokukhiqiza, izakhi zobuchwepheshe kanye nesipiliyoni sokukhiqiza; lungiselela imingcele yenqubo yokushisela esekelwe ekuhloleni inqubo yokushisela; nquma i-ejensi yokuhlola umkhiqizo, indlela yokuhlola, nesilinganiso sokuhlola ngokusekelwe ezimfuneko zomdwebo womkhiqizo namazinga womkhiqizo. .
23. Kungani sidinga ukwengeza inani elithile le-silicon ne-manganese ocingweni lokushisela lwe-carbon dioxide gas shielded welding?
Impendulo: I-Carbon dioxide iyigesi e-oxidizing. Phakathi nenqubo yokushisela, izakhi zensimbi zokushisela zizoshiswa, ngaleyo ndlela zinciphise kakhulu izakhiwo zemishini ye-weld. Phakathi kwabo, i-oxidation izobangela ama-pores kanye ne-spatter. Engeza i-silicon ne-manganese ocingweni lokushisela. Inomphumela we-deoxidizing futhi ingaxazulula izinkinga ze-welding oxidation kanye ne-spatter.
24. Ungakanani umkhawulo wokuqhuma kwezingxube ezivuthayo, futhi yiziphi izici eziwuthintayo?
Impendulo: Uhla lokuhlushwa lapho igesi evuthayo, umhwamuko noma uthuli oluqukethwe engxubeni evuthayo lungenzeka lubizwa ngokuthi umkhawulo wokuqhuma.
Umkhawulo ophansi wokugxilisa ingqondo ubizwa ngokuthi umkhawulo ophansi wokuqhuma, futhi umkhawulo ophezulu wokugxila ubizwa ngokuthi umkhawulo wokuqhuma okuphezulu. Umkhawulo wokuqhuma uthintwa izici ezifana nezinga lokushisa, ukucindezela, okuqukethwe komoyampilo, nobubanzi besiqukathi. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, umkhawulo wokuqhuma uyancipha; lapho ukucindezela kwanda, umkhawulo wokuqhuma nawo uyancipha; lapho ukuhlushwa kwe-oksijeni kugesi exubekile kukhula, umkhawulo wokuqhuma ophansi uyancipha. Othulini oluvuthayo, umkhawulo walo wokuqhuma uthintwa izici ezinjengokuhlakazeka, umswakama, nezinga lokushisa.
25. Yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushaqeka kukagesi lapho kushiselwa kumabhoyela amadubhu, ama-condenser, amathangi kawoyela, amathangi kawoyela nezinye iziqukathi zensimbi?
Impendulo: (1) Lapho beshisela, abashiseli kufanele bagweme ukuthinta izingxenye zensimbi, bame komata abavikela iraba noma bagqoke izicathulo ezivikela iraba, futhi bagqoke izingubo zokusebenza ezomile.
(2) Kufanele kube nomqaphi ngaphandle kwesiqukathi okwaziyo ukubona futhi ezwe umsebenzi womshiseli, kanye neswishi yokunqamula ugesi ngokuhambisana nophawu lomshiseli.
(3) Amandla kagesi ezilambu zasemgwaqeni asetshenziswa ezitsheni akumele eqe ama-volts ayi-12. Igobolondo le-transformer yokukhanya ephathekayo kufanele isekelwe ngokuthembekile, futhi ama-autotransformer awavunyelwe ukusetshenziswa.
(4) Ama-transformer amalambu aphathwayo kanye nama-welding transformer awavunyelwe ukuthwalwa kuma-boilers nasezitsheni zensimbi.
26. Ungahlukanisa kanjani phakathi kwe-welding ne-brazing? Yiziphi izici zento ngayinye?
Impendulo: Isici se-fusion welding ukuhlanganiswa kwama-athomu phakathi kwezingxenye zokuthungatha, kuyilapho i-brazing isebenzisa i-medium medium enezinga eliphansi lokuncibilika kunezingxenye ze-welding - izinto zokubopha ukuxhuma izingxenye ze-welding.
Inzuzo ye-fusion welding ukuthi izakhiwo zemishini zejoyinti elishiselwe ziphakeme, futhi ukukhiqiza lapho kuxhunywa izingxenye eziwugqinsi nezinkulu kuphezulu. Okubi ukuthi ukucindezeleka nokuguqulwa okwenziwe kukhulu, futhi izinguquko zesakhiwo zenzeka endaweni ethinteke ukushisa;
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Izinzuzo ze-brazing ukushisa okuphansi kokushisa, isicaba, amalunga abushelelezi, ukubukeka okuhle, ukucindezeleka okuncane kanye nokuguqulwa. Ukungalungi kwe-brazing amandla ahlangene aphansi kanye nezidingo zegebe eliphezulu ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa.
27. Igesi ye-carbon dioxide kanye ne-argon gas kokubili amagesi avikelayo. Sicela uchaze izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo?
Impendulo: I-Carbon dioxide iyigesi e-oxidizing. Uma isetshenziswa njengegesi evikelayo endaweni yokushisela, izokhipha nge-oxidize amaconsi nensimbi echibini elincibilikisiwe, okubangela ukulahlekelwa okuvuthayo kwezakhi ze-alloy. Ukucutshungulwa kuncane, futhi ama-pores nama-splashes amakhulu azokhiqizwa.
Ngakho-ke, ingasetshenziselwa kuphela ukushisela insimbi ephansi ye-carbon steel kanye nensimbi ephansi ye-alloy okwamanje, futhi ayifanele ukushisela insimbi ye-alloy ephezulu nezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi, ikakhulukazi insimbi engagqwali. Njengoba izobangela i-carbonization ye-weld futhi inciphise ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-intercrystalline, isetshenziswa Thola okuncane.
I-Argon iyigesi engasebenzi. Ngenxa yokuthi ayisebenzi ngamakhemikhali ngensimbi encibilikisiwe, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-weld akushintshile. Izinga le-weld ngemuva kokushisela lihle. Ingasetshenziselwa ukushisela izinsimbi ezihlukahlukene ze-alloy, insimbi engagqwali nezinsimbi ezingenayo ayoni. Ngoba Intengo ye-argon iyancipha kancane kancane, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa futhi ngobuningi bokushisela insimbi emnene.
28. Chaza ukushisela kanye nezici zokushisela zensimbi engu-16Mn?
Impendulo: Insimbi engu-16Mn isekelwe ku-Q235A yensimbi ene-1% Mn eyengeziwe, futhi okulingana nekhabhoni yi-0.345% ~ 0.491%. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kwe-welding kungcono.
Kodwa-ke, ukuthambekela kokuqina kukhulu kancane kunokwensimbi ye-Q235A. Lapho i-welding enemingcele emincane kanye ne-weld encane idlula ubukhulu obukhulu kanye nesakhiwo esikhulu esiqinile, kungenzeka ukuqhekeka, ikakhulukazi uma u-welding ngaphansi kwezimo eziphansi zokushisa. Kulokhu, izinyathelo ezifanele zingathathwa ngaphambi kokushisela. ukushisa komhlabathi.
Uma ushisela i-arc ngesandla, sebenzisa ama-electrode ebanga le-E50; lapho ukushisela kwe-arc okuzenzakalelayo okungaphansi kwamanzi kungadingi i-beveling, ungasebenzisa i-H08MnA welding wire ene-flux 431; lapho uvula ama-bevel, sebenzisa i-H10Mn2 intambo yokushisela ene-flux 431; uma usebenzisa i-CO2 yokushisela igesi evikelekile, sebenzisa intambo yokushisela i-H08Mn2SiA Noma i-H10MnSi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-06-2023
